用AI动态拆分轨迹,让机器人规划更快更稳。
ATRS: Adaptive Trajectory Re-splitting via a Shared Neural Policy for Parallel Optimization

- 引入共享神经策略,自动判断何时何地拆分轨迹
- 实测迭代次数减少26.0%,计算时间缩短19.1%
- 适合需要快速重规划的机器人系统,尤其擅长复杂环境
通过交替方向乘子法(ADMM)进行并行轨迹优化已成为解决长时序运动规划的可扩展方法。然而,现有框架通常基于预设固定结构分解问题,导致在高约束区域易出现优化停滞,少数滞后子问题拖慢全局收敛。自然的解决方案是在线自适应地重新拆分这些滞后的片段,但决定何时、何地、如何拆分已超出规则启发式的能力。为此,我们提出ATRS,将共享深度强化学习策略嵌入并行ADMM循环中。我们将这一自适应调整建模为多智能体共享策略马尔可夫决策过程,所有轨迹段作为同质智能体共享统一神经策略网络。该参数共享架构赋予系统尺寸不变性,能够处理拆分过程中动态变化的段数,并推广至任意轨迹长度。此外,该框架天然支持零样本泛化到未见环境,因其网络仅依赖数值求解器内部状态,而非环境几何特征。为保证求解器稳定性,采用置信度选举机制,每步仅选择最滞后的片段进行拆分。大量仿真表明,ATRS显著加速收敛,迭代次数最多减少26.0%,计算时间最多缩短19.1%。真实世界实验进一步验证其在大规模离线全局规划和每周期35毫秒内的实时车载重规划中的适用性,且无模拟到现实的性能下降。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Parallel trajectory optimization via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has emerged as a scalable approach to long-horizon motion planning. However, existing frameworks typically decompose the problem into parallel subproblems based on a predefined fixed structure. Such structural rigidity often causes optimization stagnation in highly constrained regions, where a few lagging subproblems delay global convergence. A natural remedy is to adaptively re-split these stagnating segments online. Yet, deciding when, where, and how to split exceeds the capability of rule-based heuristics. To this end, we propose ATRS, a novel framework that embeds a shared Deep Reinforcement Learning policy into the parallel ADMM loop. We formulate this adaptive adjustment as a Multi-Agent Shared-Policy Markov Decision Process, where all trajectory segments act as homogeneous agents and share a unified neural policy network. This parameter-sharing architecture endows the system with size invariance, enabling it to handle dynamically changing segment counts during re-splitting and generalize to arbitrary trajectory lengths. Furthermore, our formulation inherently supports zero-shot generalization to unseen environments, as our network relies solely on the internal states of the numerical solver rather than on the geometric features of the environment. To ensure solver stability, a Confidence-Based Election mechanism selects only the most stagnating segment for re-splitting at each step. Extensive simulations demonstrate that ATRS accelerates convergence, reducing the number of iterations by up to 26.0% and the computation time by up to 19.1%. Real-world experiments further confirm its applicability to both large-scale offline global planning and real-time onboard replanning within 35 ms per cycle, with no sim-to-real degradation.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。