通过相位反馈快速追踪共振，提升非线性超声测量速度与稳定性。
Fixed-phase Resonance Tracking for Fast Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy
- 基于激励与响应的相位关系，迭代调整频率保持实时共振。
- 实验显示测量速度与模式稳定性显著影响非线性指标结果。
- 适用于材料参数缓慢变化的各类共振系统，如岩石力学测试。
依赖重复采样共振曲线的非线性共振超声光谱（NRUS）实验极易受测量协议影响，因材料参数受快速与慢速动态效应改变。本文提出一种模型辅助的离散时间共振追踪方法，无需完整频扫即可维持系统在瞬时共振状态。共振由激励与响应间的预设相位关系定义，通过线性化频-相模型迭代更新激励频率。该方法可选地引入前馈校正以控制瞬态波积累，针对砂岩棒样品实施了调理-松弛协议，成功估计了共振频率与阻尼。与传统方法对比表明，测量速度与模式稳定性对推断的非线性指标有显著影响。该框架不限于非线性声学，可推广至任意参数缓慢演化的共振系统。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Nonlinear Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (NRUS) experiments that rely on repeated sampling of resonance curves are inherently sensitive to measurement protocol due to evolution of material parameters caused by fast and slow dynamic effects. We introduce a model-assisted discrete-time resonance tracking method that maintains a system at its instantaneous resonance condition without the need to acquire full frequency sweeps. Resonance is defined through a prescribed phase relation between excitation and response, and the excitation frequency is iteratively updated using a linearized frequency--phase model. The procedure allows controlled suppression of transient wave buildup using optional feedforward correction with respect to an external control parameter. The method is demonstrated on NRUS and performing a conditioning-relaxation protocol, both conducted on a sandstone bar, providing estimates of resonance frequency and damping. Comparison with conventional approaches shows that measurement speed and mode stability significantly influence the inferred nonlinear indicators. The proposed framework is not limited to nonlinear acoustics and can be applied to arbitrary resonant systems with slowly evolving parameters.
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