arXiv:2604.22979cs.AI2026-04中稿 · FUSION 2026被引 1

用离散隐变量和逻辑规则,让无线信号识活动更可解释。

Towards Causally Interpretable Wi-Fi CSI-Based Human Activity Recognition with Discrete Latent Compression and LTL Rule Extraction

论文配图:Towards Causally Interpretable Wi-Fi CSI-Based Human Activity Recognition with Discrete Latent Compression and LTL Rule Extraction
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过离散压缩将原始信道数据转为可解释的符号轨迹。
  • 识别出关键动作的时序因果关系,生成可读规则,准确率达87.6%。
  • 适合需要透明决策过程的医疗或安防场景使用。

针对基于Wi-Fi信道状态信息(CSI)的人体活动识别(HAR),本文提出一种全自动、严格解耦的流水线。通过容量受限的分类变分自编码器与Gumbel-Softmax隐变量,将CSI幅值窗口压缩为紧凑的离散表示;编码器冻结后生成确定性的一热隐状态轨迹。在这些轨迹上进行因果发现,构建类条件时序依赖图,并将统计显著的滞后依赖转化为线性时序逻辑(LTL)规则,形成仅依赖规则评估与聚合的全符号化分类器,无需任何学习判别头。由于规则基于离散隐变量,可实现天线级符号级融合,无需重新训练编码器。CHARL-TRE实验显示,在保持明确时序与因果结构的同时,性能达到87.6%准确率,表明基于无监督离散隐表示的确定性符号分类是无线HAR中端到端黑箱模型的可行替代方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We address Human Activity Recognition (HAR) utilizing Wi-Fi Channel State Information (CSI) under the joint requirements of causal interpretability, symbolic controllability, and direct operation on high-dimensional raw signals. Deep neural models achieve strong predictive performance on CSI-based HAR (CHAR), yet rely on continuous latent representations that are opaque and difficult to modify; purely symbolic approaches, in contrast, cannot process raw CSI streams. We propose a fully automatic and strictly decoupled pipeline in which CSI magnitude windows are compressed by a categorical variational autoencoder with Gumbel-Softmax latent variables under a capacity-controlled objective, yielding a compact discrete representation. The encoder is then frozen and used as a deterministic mapping to one-hot latent trajectories. Causal discovery is performed on these trajectories to estimate class-conditional temporal dependency graphs. Statistically supported lagged dependencies are translated into Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) rules, producing a fully symbolic and deterministic classifier based solely on rule evaluation and aggregation, without any learned discriminative head. Because rules are defined over discrete latent variables, antenna-specific rule sets can in principle be combined at the symbolic level, enabling structured multi-antenna fusion without retraining the encoder. Results from CHAR Latent Temporal Rule Extraction (CHARL-TRE) indicate competitive performance while preserving explicit temporal and causal structure, showing that deterministic symbolic classification grounded in unsupervised discrete latent representations constitutes a viable alternative to end-to-end black-box models for wireless HAR.

人体识别因果推理符号模型无线感知

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