arXiv:2604.23283cs.LG2026-04被引 3

提出流式执行范式,让大模型代理可中途修改,避免重来。

Revisable by Design: A Theory of Streaming LLM Agent Execution

论文配图:Revisable by Design: A Theory of Streaming LLM Agent Execution
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将代理动作分为可重试、可回滚、可补偿、不可逆四类,定义灵活性边界。
  • 实验证明新算法比暴力重启少浪费九成已完成工作,且保持同等质量。
  • 适合需要实时交互的智能体系统,如客服、编程助手等场景。

当前大模型代理默认执行为事务式:用户提交请求后,代理独立运行,直至完成才恢复对话。这迫使用户在等待错误结果或中断并丢失进度间二选一。本文摒弃此假设,提出流式执行范式,允许代理执行与用户干预并发、交替进行,共享双向通信通道。通过可逆性分类体系,将每项代理动作归类为幂等、可逆、可补偿或不可逆,得出核心结论:代理灵活性受限于其可逆性。证明冲突的可补偿动作必然导致适应成本,冲突的不可逆动作使完全满足规格成为不可能——这些成本源于动作空间本身,而非算法设计。基于此洞察,提出修正吸收器(Revision Absorber),一种基于最早冲突回滚规则的反应式算法,在弱假设下具有结构最优性。在真实大模型代理上的StreamBench实验验证了所有预测:该算法在质量上匹配暴力全重启基线,却仅浪费其十分之一已完成步骤,将中段修改从死胡同转变为第一类交互方式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Current LLM agents operate under an implicit but universal assumption: execution is a transaction -- the user submits a request, the agent works in isolation, and only upon completion does the dialogue resume. This forces users into a binary choice: wait for a potentially incorrect output, or interrupt and lose all progress. We reject this assumption and propose the stream paradigm, in which agent execution and user intervention are concurrent, interleaved processes sharing a bidirectional channel. We formalize this paradigm through a reversibility taxonomy that classifies every agent action as Idempotent, Reversible, Compensable, or Irreversible, and arrive at a core conclusion: an agent's flexibility is bounded by its reversibility. We prove that conflicting compensable actions impose unavoidable adaptation costs and that conflicting irreversible actions make full specification satisfaction impossible -- these costs are properties of the action space, not of the algorithm. Guided by this insight, we present the Revision Absorber, a reactive algorithm based on the Earliest-Conflict Rollback rule that is structurally optimal under mild assumptions. Experiments on StreamBench with real LLM agents validate all predictions: the Absorber matches the quality of a brute-force full-restart baseline while wasting an order of magnitude fewer steps of already-completed work, turning mid-execution revisions from a dead-end into a first-class interaction.

大模型代理流式执行可逆性

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