arXiv:2604.23324cs.LGcs.AI2026-04被引 1

解决图神经网络在异质图中过平滑的问题,提升长距离依赖捕捉能力。

Layer Embedding Deep Fusion Graph Neural Network

论文配图:Layer Embedding Deep Fusion Graph Neural Network
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过多层嵌入非线性融合,缓解深层传播中的信息退化
  • 在引用和图像数据集上超越现有方法,异质与同质场景均有效
  • 适合处理复杂拓扑结构的图学习任务,如社交网络、知识图谱

图神经网络(GNN)在图结构数据表示学习中表现优异,但其消息传递机制依赖于邻接节点标签一致性假设,限制了在低同质性场景下的应用。随着网络深度增加,异质边带来的结构噪声被放大,导致过平滑问题,尤其在高度异质图中,不一致语义的传播持续加剧错误聚合。为此,本文提出一种名为层嵌入深度融合图神经网络(LEDF-GNN)的新框架。设计了层嵌入深度融合(LEDF)算子,非线性融合多层嵌入以捕捉层间依赖,有效缓解深层传播退化;同时采用双拓扑并行策略(DTPS),同时利用原始与重构拓扑,实现不同同质性条件下的结构-语义自适应协同优化。在引文与图像基准数据集上的半监督分类实验表明,LEDF-GNN 在同质与异质设置下均持续优于当前最优基线,验证了其在多种图类型中的有效性与泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated impressive performance in learning representations from graph-structured data. However, their message-passing mechanism inherently relies on the assumption of label consistency among connected nodes, limiting their applicability to low-homophily settings. Moreover, since message passing operates as a hierarchical diffusion process, GNNs face challenges in capturing long-range dependencies. As network depth increases, the structural noise along heterophilic edges tends to be amplified, resulting in over-smoothing. This issue becomes especially prominent in highly heterophilic graphs, where the propagation of inconsistent semantics across the topology continually exacerbates misaggregation. To address this issue, we propose a novel framework named Layer Embedding Deep Fusion Graph Neural Network (LEDF-GNN). Specifically, we design a Layer Embedding Deep Fusion (LEDF) operator that nonlinearly fuses multi-layer embeddings to capture inter-layer dependencies and effectively alleviate deep propagation degradation. Meanwhile, to mitigate structural heterophily, LEDF-GNN employs a Dual-Topology Parallel Strategy (DTPS) that simultaneously leverages the original and reconstructed topologies, allowing for adaptive structure-semantics co-optimization under diverse homophily conditions. Extensive semi-supervised classification experiments on the citation and image benchmarks demonstrate that, under both homophilic and heterophilic settings, LEDF-GNN consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, validating its effectiveness and generalization capability across diverse graph types.

图神经网络异质图过平滑

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