arXiv:2604.23446cs.AI2026-04ACL

让工业设备维护问答更可信:结合实时数据与知识图谱,减少错误回答。

IndustryAssetEQA: A Neurosymbolic Operational Intelligence System for Embodied Question Answering in Industrial Asset Maintenance

论文配图:IndustryAssetEQA: A Neurosymbolic Operational Intelligence System for Embodied Question Answering in Industrial Asset Maintenance
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用实时数据+故障分析知识图谱,让模型回答有依据。
  • 相比纯大模型,错误回答减少93%,推理准确性提升超40%。
  • 适合工业安全、智能运维场景,尤其看重可解释性的团队。

工业维护环境越来越依赖AI系统辅助操作员理解设备状态、诊断故障并评估干预措施。尽管大语言模型(LLMs)能实现自然语言交互,但现有维护助手常给出缺乏实测数据支撑的泛化解释,缺少可验证的来源,且无法支持反事实或行动导向推理,影响在高安全要求场景中的信任度。本文提出IndustryAssetEQA,一种神经符号型运营智能系统,结合事件性遥测表示与故障模式影响分析知识图谱(FMEA-KG),实现对工业资产的具身问答(EQA)。我们在涵盖旋转机械、涡轮风扇发动机、液压系统及信息物理生产系统的四个数据集上进行评估。相较于仅使用LLM的基线,IndustryAssetEQA在结构有效性上提升最高达0.51,反事实准确率提升最高0.47,解释蕴含度提高0.64,同时将严重专家评级过度宣称从28%降至2%(约93%降低)。代码、数据集及FMEA-KG已开源于https://github.com/IBM/AssetOpsBench/tree/IndustryAssetEQA/IndustryAssetEQA。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Industrial maintenance environments increasingly rely on AI systems to assist operators in understanding asset behavior, diagnosing failures, and evaluating interventions. Although large language models (LLMs) enable fluent natural-language interaction, deployed maintenance assistants routinely produce generic explanations that are weakly grounded in telemetry, omit verifiable provenance, and offer no testable support for counterfactual or action-oriented reasoning that undermine trust in safety-critical settings. We present IndustryAssetEQA, a neurosymbolic operational intelligence system that combines episodic telemetry representations with a Failure Mode Effects Analysis Knowledge Graph (FMEA-KG) to enable Embodied Question Answering (EQA) over industrial assets. We evaluate on four datasets covering four industrial asset types, including rotating machinery, turbofan engines, hydraulic systems, and cyber-physical production systems. Compared to LLM-only baselines, IndustryAssetEQA improves structural validity by up to 0.51, counterfactual accuracy by up to 0.47, and explanation entailment by 0.64, while reducing severe expert-rated overclaims from 28% to 2% (approximately 93% reduction). Code, datasets, and the FMEA-KG are available at https://github.com/IBM/AssetOpsBench/tree/IndustryAssetEQA/IndustryAssetEQA.

工业AI知识图谱具身问答

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