arXiv:2604.23732cs.LGcs.AI2026-04中稿 · IEEE CAI 2026

年龄分组模型对低血糖预测效果不如统一模型,但儿童数据仍需专用模型。

Impact of Age Specialized Models for Hypoglycemia Classification

论文配图:Impact of Age Specialized Models for Hypoglycemia Classification
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用跨年龄段数据训练统一模型,性能优于分年龄训练。
  • 儿童低血糖预测的召回率在专用模型下最高。
  • 尽管血糖波动差异大,短期低血糖模式相似。

糖尿病进展随年龄变化,受遗传、生化和激素因素影响,提示需超越标准指南的个性化监测与治疗。在1型糖尿病(T1D)中,患者依赖外源性胰岛素,药物剂量及生理反应在不同年龄群体中存在差异,易引发低血糖(血糖≤70)。利用连续血糖监测(CGM)数据可提前预测低血糖发生。本文基于包含儿童至老年人的DiaData大型CGM数据集,研究了四种时间窗口(0、5-15、20-45、50-120分钟)前的低血糖分类:1)涵盖全年龄群体的全局模型泛化能力;2)按年龄分组分别训练的模型效果;3)通过迁移学习实现个体化建模的影响。结果表明,全局模型表现与或优于分年龄模型。尽管各年龄组间血糖变异性、自身抗体水平及低血糖发生率不同,但短时低血糖模式具有相似性。然而,儿童数据在专用模型下的召回率最优。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Disease progression varies with age and is influenced by underlying genetic, biochemical, and hormonal etiologies, suggesting the need for tailored monitoring, care, and medication beyond standard clinical guidelines. Specifically, in autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes (T1D), where patients depend on exogenous insulin to compensate for insulin deficiency, medication dosing and the physiological response reflected in vital signs can differ. Insulin therapy can lead to hypoglycemia, a dangerous condition characterized by decreased blood glucose levels ($\leq$70). This risk can be mitigated through improved diabetes management supported by data analytics. Notably, leveraging data from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices, hypoglycemia onset can be predicted. However, while glucose variability, auto-antibody levels, and hypoglycemia occurrence differ across age groups, hypoglycemia classification most often only relies on population-based models specialized in specific age ranges. In this work, we classify hypoglycemia 0, 5-15, 20-45, and 50-120 minutes before onset using DiaData, a large CGM dataset of patients with T1D ranging from children to seniors. In particular, we investigate: 1) the generalizability of a population-based model including all age groups, 2) the impact of age-segmented models trained separately per age group, and 3) the effect of model individualization through transfer learning. The results show that a global population-based model yields similar or superior performance compared to age-segmented models. These findings suggest that data from children, teenagers, and adults can be combined for training models on hypoglycemia classification. While glucose variation differs across age groups, short-term hypoglycemic patterns are similar. However, data of children obtain their best recall with age specialized model.

低血糖预测1型糖尿病年龄分层CGM数据

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