arXiv:2604.25817cs.CVstat.ML2026-04

提出新方法让病理图像分类不受放大倍数影响,提升模型泛化能力。

Magnification-Invariant Image Classification via Domain Generalization and Stable Sparse Embedding Signatures

论文配图:Magnification-Invariant Image Classification via Domain Generalization and Stable Sparse Embedding Signatures
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用域泛化与稀疏嵌入签名,抑制放大倍数带来的干扰特征。
  • 在200X倍数下表现最佳,Brier得分降至0.063,显著优于基线。
  • 模型输出更紧凑稳定,跨倍数可重复性达0.99,适合真实医疗场景。

放大倍数变化是影响病理图像分类鲁棒性的主要障碍,因在某一放大倍数下训练的模型通常难以泛化到其他倍数。本研究在BreaKHis数据集上采用严格的患者隔离留一放大倍数测试协议,对比了监督基线、加入DCGAN生成补丁的基线,以及一种梯度反向域泛化模型。该模型旨在保留判别信息的同时抑制放大倍数特异性差异。在未见放大倍数下,域泛化模型整体判别能力最强,尤其在200X被留出时提升最明显。相比之下,GAN增强效果不稳定,部分折叠提升,部分折叠下降,尤其在400X时恶化明显。域泛化模型的Brier得分最低,为0.063,基线为0.089。稀疏嵌入分析显示,该模型将平均签名维度减少超过三倍(306 vs 1,074),同时保持相近预测性能(AUC: 0.967 vs 0.965;F1: 0.930 vs 0.931),并将跨折叠签名可重复性从基线近零的雅各比重叠提升至100X与200X间0.99。结果表明,无需增加网络复杂度即可学习校准、紧凑且可迁移的表示,对计算病理模型在异构采集环境中的可靠部署具有明确意义。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Magnification shift is a major obstacle to robust histopathology classification, because models trained on one imaging scale often generalize poorly to another. Here, we evaluated this problem on the BreaKHis dataset using a strict patient-disjoint leave-one-magnification-out protocol, comparing supervised baseline, baseline augmented with DCGAN-generated patches, and a gradient-reversal domain-general model designed to preserve discriminative information while suppressing magnification-specific variation. Across held-out magnifications, the domain-general model achieved the strongest overall discrimination and its clearest gain was observed when 200X was held out. By contrast, GAN augmentation produced inconsistent effects, improving some folds but degrading others, particularly at 400X. The domain-general model also yielded the lowest Brier score at 0.063 vs 0.089 at baseline. Sparse embedding analysis further revealed that domain-general training reduced average signature size more than three-fold (306 versus 1,074 dimensions) while preserving equivalent predictive performance (AUC: 0.967 vs 0.965; F1: 0.930 vs 0.931). It also increased cross-fold signature reproducibility from near-zero Jaccard overlap in the baseline to 0.99 between the 100X and 200X folds. These findings show that calibrated, compact, and transferable representations can be learned without added architectural complexity, with clear implications for the reliable deployment of computational pathology models across heterogeneous acquisition settings.

病理图像域泛化稀疏嵌入医学影像

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。