招聘人员用AI却失控,看似在掌控,实则被算法悄悄主导决策。
Resume-ing Control: (Mis)Perceptions of Agency Around GenAI Use in Recruiting Workflows
- 通过22名招聘者访谈,发现AI暗中塑造招聘信息基础
- 虽有最终决策权,但实际效率提升微弱,仅10%左右
- 适合关注AI伦理、职场自动化与人机协作的研究者
当生成式AI用于高风险决策时,其角色应为辅助而非替代人类。然而,关于专业人士(如招聘人员)在使用生成式AI时对自主权和控制感的实证研究仍不足。通过对22位招聘人员的访谈,我们探究了生成式AI如何微妙影响日常招聘流程乃至个体决策的控制力。研究发现:尽管招聘者认为自己在整个招聘流程中拥有最终决定权,但生成式AI已成为无形的架构师,从职位定义到优秀面试表现的标准,均在底层塑造评估信息。是否采用该系统也常不在招聘者可控范围,多数因上级推动、应对申请人使用AI或个人提效需求而被迫采纳。尽管招聘方式发生显著变化,参与者仅报告了有限的效率提升(约10%),代价却是招聘人员技能退化,危及决策监督的实质性。本文最后讨论了这些发现对招聘场景中负责任且可感知的生成式AI应用的意义。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
When generative AI (genAI) systems are used in high-stakes decision-making, its recommended role is to aid, rather than replace, human decision-making. However, there is little empirical exploration of how professionals making high-stakes decisions, such as those related to employment, perceive their agency and level of control when working with genAI systems. Through interviews with 22 recruiting professionals, we investigate how genAI subtly influences control over everyday workflows and even individual hiring decisions. Our findings highlight a pressing conflict: while recruiters believe they have final authority across the recruiting pipeline, genAI has become an invisible architect that shapes the foundational building blocks of information used for evaluation, from defining a job to determining good interview performances. The decision of whether or not to adopt was also often outside recruiters' control, with many feeling compelled to adopt genAI due to calls to integrate AI from higher-ups in their business, to combat applicant use of AI, and the individual need to boost productivity. Despite a seemingly seismic shift in how recruiting happens, participants only reported marginal efficiency gains. Such gains came at the high cost of recruiter deskilling, a trend that jeopardizes the meaningful oversight of decision-making. We conclude by discussing the implications of such findings for responsible and perceptible genAI use in hiring contexts.
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