arXiv:2604.27032cs.SEcs.LG2026-04

用大模型指导推理参数优化,显著降低能耗。

LLM-Guided Runtime Parameter Optimization for Energy-Efficient Model Inference

论文配图:LLM-Guided Runtime Parameter Optimization for Energy-Efficient Model Inference
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 借助大模型迭代优化运行时参数,替代传统耗时搜索。
  • 平均仅需3.4次提示即可达标,比基线快1.8次。
  • 适配不同硬件,兼顾能耗与系统约束,适合部署优化场景。

大型语言模型(LLMs)已广泛应用于各类实际工作流中,但其高能耗成为规模化应用的痛点。随着模型集成到不同场景,如何选择推理运行时参数以最小化能耗成为新挑战。传统方法需深厚领域知识或数日优化时间。本文提出一种人机协同流程,利用基于对话的大模型辅助参数优化。通过人工设计的反馈提示策略,大模型能快速迭代找到节能参数。增强型提示模板平均仅需3.4次提示即收敛至阈值,优于基线平均5.2次;且在能耗每标记(energy per token)上持续表现更优。该方法在收敛速度上也超越Sobol采样。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an integral part of many real-world workflows. However, LLMs consume a lot of energy, which becomes a large concern in the scale of the demand for these tools. As LLMs become integrated into different workflows, different applications have arisen to deal with the challenge of running inference for these tools. This raises another issue of choosing the runtime parameter values for these services in order to minimize the energy consumption. Oftentimes this requires deep knowledge of the application or traditional optimization methods that can take days to find optimal values. In this work, we created a human-in-the-loop flow with LLM-assisted runtime parameter optimization in order to solve this issue. With human-created, specific feedback prompting methods, chat-based LLMs can iteratively find energy-efficient inference parameters faster than traditional search methods. LLMs can also tailor their solutions to different hardware setups and easily take into account other system constraints. The enhanced prompt template was able to converge below the threshold at an average of 3.4 prompts compared to the baseline, which converged in an average of 5.2 prompts, and consistently achieved lower final energy per token. The enhanced prompt template also outperformed Sobol sampling in convergence speed.

大模型能耗优化推理加速参数调优

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