让不同科学领域的专用模型协同工作,提升复杂任务解决能力。
Heterogeneous Scientific Foundation Model Collaboration

- 用语言模型作接口,让专业科学模型参与推理决策。
- 在多学科任务中提升性能,减少对纯语言推理的依赖。
- 适合需要跨模态协作的科研自动化场景。
代理型大语言模型系统已展现强大能力,但其对语言作为通用接口的依赖,限制了在科学领域中的应用,尤其在已有领域专用基础模型处理特定任务的场景下。本文提出Eywa,一种异构代理框架,旨在将语言中心系统扩展至更广泛的科学基础模型。核心思想是为领域专用基础模型添加基于语言模型的推理接口,使语言模型能指导非语言数据模态的推断。这一设计使原本针对特定数据和任务优化的预测型基础模型,可参与代理系统中的高层推理与决策。Eywa可作为单代理流程的即插即用替代(EywaAgent),或通过替换传统代理为专用代理集成到多代理系统中(EywaMAS)。此外,我们还构建了一种基于规划的协调框架,由规划器动态调度传统代理与Eywa代理,以解决跨异构数据模态的复杂任务(EywaOrchestra)。我们在涵盖物理、生命与社会科学的多样化科学领域进行评估,结果表明,Eywa在结构化与领域特定数据任务上显著提升性能,同时通过与专用基础模型的有效协作,降低了对语言推理的依赖。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agentic large language model systems have demonstrated strong capabilities. However, their reliance on language as the universal interface fundamentally limits their applicability to many real-world problems, especially in scientific domains where domain-specific foundation models have been developed to address specialized tasks beyond natural language. In this work, we introduce Eywa, a heterogeneous agentic framework designed to extend language-centric systems to a broader class of scientific foundation models. The key idea of Eywa is to augment domain-specific foundation models with a language-model-based reasoning interface, enabling language models to guide inference over non-linguistic data modalities. This design allows predictive foundation models, which are typically optimized for specialized data and tasks, to participate in higher-level reasoning and decision-making processes within agentic systems. Eywa can serve as a drop-in replacement for a single-agent pipeline (EywaAgent) or be integrated into existing multi-agent systems by replacing traditional agents with specialized agents (EywaMAS). We further investigate a planning-based orchestration framework in which a planner dynamically coordinates traditional agents and Eywa agents to solve complex tasks across heterogeneous data modalities (EywaOrchestra). We evaluate Eywa across a diverse set of scientific domains spanning physical, life, and social sciences. Experimental results demonstrate that Eywa improves performance on tasks involving structured and domain-specific data, while reducing reliance on language-based reasoning through effective collaboration with specialized foundation models.
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