arXiv:2604.27820cs.AIcs.DB2026-04被引 1

为智能体设计新型文档格式,让信息按需访问,减少95%冗余文本。

ObjectGraph: From Document Injection to Knowledge Traversal -- A Native File Format for the Agentic Era

  • 将文档重构为可遍历的知识图谱,取代传统线性注入
  • 实测节省95.3%上下文令牌,任务准确率无显著下降
  • 兼容人类阅读与智能体调用,适合构建高效智能体系统

现有文档格式均面向人类线性阅读设计,而自主大模型智能体并非阅读,而是检索。这种根本错配迫使智能体将整份文档注入上下文,浪费令牌、累积状态、无差别暴露信息。我们指出这不是提示工程、检索或压缩问题,而是格式问题。提出OBJECTGRAPH(.og)文件格式,将文档重新定义为可遍历的类型化有向知识图谱。该格式是Markdown的严格超集,无需额外基础设施,仅需两种基本查询原语,且对人类与智能体均无需工具即可读取。我们形式化了文档消费问题,归纳六项结构属性,证明OBJECTGRAPH同时满足全部六项。引入渐进披露模型、角色作用域访问协议和可执行断言节点作为原生格式原语。在五类文档与八种智能体任务上评估,最高实现95.3%的令牌减少,任务准确率无统计显著差异(p > 0.05)。转译保真度达98.7%内容保留率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Every document format in existence was designed for a human reader moving linearly through text. Autonomous LLM agents do not read - they retrieve. This fundamental mismatch forces agents to inject entire documents into their context window, wasting tokens on irrelevant content, compounding state across multi-turn loops, and broadcasting information indiscriminately across agent roles. We argue this is not a prompt engineering problem, not a retrieval problem, and not a compression problem: it is a format problem. We introduce OBJECTGRAPH (.og), a file format that reconceives the document as a typed, directed knowledge graph to be traversed rather than a string to be injected. OBJECTGRAPH is a strict superset of Markdown - every .md file is a valid .og file - requires no infrastructure beyond a two-primitive query protocol, and is readable by both humans and agents without tooling. We formalize the Document Consumption Problem, characterise six structural properties no existing format satisfies simultaneously, and prove OBJECTGRAPH satisfies all six. We further introduce the Progressive Disclosure Model, the Role-Scoped Access Protocol, and Executable Assertion Nodes as native format primitives. Empirical evaluation across five document classes and eight agent task types demonstrates up to 95.3 percent token reduction with no statistically significant degradation in task accuracy (p > 0.05). Transpiler fidelity reaches 98.7 percent content preservation on a held-out document benchmark.

智能体文档格式知识图谱令牌优化

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