arXiv:2604.28109cs.LG2026-04

通过可学习压缩实现高效动态模型融合,显著降低存储开销。

Auto-FlexSwitch: Efficient Dynamic Model Merging via Learnable Task Vector Compression

论文配图:Auto-FlexSwitch: Efficient Dynamic Model Merging via Learnable Task Vector Compression
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将任务向量分解为稀疏掩码、符号向量和缩放因子,实现高压缩比
  • 在保持高精度的前提下,压缩率可达99.7%,推理延迟降低50%以上
  • 无需训练即可自动融合任务向量,适合资源受限的多任务部署场景

模型融合作为多任务适配的有效路径,通过整合多个任务特定模型的知识来提升性能。现有动态融合方法虽能缓解跨任务参数冲突导致的性能下降,但需为每个任务独立存储参数,带来巨大存储开销。我们首次实验证明,微调后的权重增量(即任务向量)具有脉冲式激活模式,且对低比特表示具有强鲁棒性。基于此,提出T-Switch,将任务向量分解为二值稀疏掩码、符号向量与标量缩放因子,在高压缩比下实现高保真近似。进一步提出Auto-Switch,一种无需训练的融合方案,通过特征相似性检索自动组装任务向量。为使压缩策略从静态规则转为自适应学习,设计FlexSwitch,通过可学习门控稀疏化(LGS)与位宽自适应选择(BAS)联合优化各模型单元的压缩策略,并采用稀疏感知存储策略(SASS)选择最优编码结构。最终结合带可学习低秩度量的KNN推理方案,提出Auto-FlexSwitch,支持高效动态模型融合,压缩率高达99.7%,推理延迟降低超50%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Model merging has attracted attention as an effective path toward multi-task adaptation by integrating knowledge from multiple task-specific models. Among existing approaches, dynamic merging mitigates performance degradation caused by conflicting parameter updates across tasks by flexibly combining task-specific parameters at inference time, thereby maintaining high performance. However, these methods require storing independent parameters for each task, resulting in prohibitive storage overhead. To address this issue, we first experimentally demonstrate that the fine-tuned weight increments (referred to as task vectors) exhibit an impulse-like activation pattern and high robustness to low-bit representations. Driven by this insight, we propose T-Switch, which decomposes task vectors into three compact components: a binary sparse mask, a sign vector, and a scalar scaling factor, achieving high-fidelity approximation at high compression ratios. We then introduce Auto-Switch, a training-free merging scheme that automatically composes task vectors via feature similarity retrieval. Building on this, we develop Auto-Switch, a training-free merging scheme that automatically assembles task vectors through feature similarity retrieval. Furthermore, to transform task vector sparsification and quantization from static rules to adaptive learning, we propose FlexSwitch, a learnable framework which jointly optimizes the compression strategy for each model unit via Learnable Gating Sparsification (LGS) and Bit-width Adaptive Selection (BAS), while employing the Sparsity-Aware Storage Strategy (SASS) to select the optimal storage encoding structure. Finally, by incorporating a K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) inference scheme with a learnable low-rank metric, we present Auto-FlexSwitch, a dynamic model merging approach that supports highly efficient task vector compression.

模型融合压缩技术动态推理低比特

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