用计算方法让镜子在全波段成像,一次拍摄全清晰。
Broadband Wide Field of View Imaging with Computational Mirrors

- 通过捕捉少量焦距图像,用算法合成全焦点画面
- 50mm系统在400-1700nm波段实现无须调焦的清晰成像
- 适合需要多光谱成像的科研与工业检测场景
传统玻璃光学器件通常仅针对窄波段优化,如可见光(400-700nm)或短波红外(1000-1800nm)。尽管可见-短波红外传感器(VIS-SWIR, 400-1700nm)具有变革潜力,但折射光学元件难以同时聚焦整个波段。镜面是潜在的无色差替代方案,但常受场曲和离轴像差困扰。本文提出计算镜(Computational Mirrors),利用单个传感器实现全波段、大视场高分辨率成像。方法基于不同视场区域在镜面后焦点位置不同的观察,通过采集2-4张焦距堆栈图像,结合计算后端恢复全清晰图像。核心贡献为SeidelConv——一种物理启发的、空间可变点扩散函数(PSF)模型,精准建模并校正简单凹镜的离轴像差。我们使用首个50mm F/1光学系统搭配VIS-SWIR传感器验证效果,系统在RGB、NIR和SWIR波段均无需调焦即可生成锐利图像,揭示单个波段无法观测的材料细节。进一步通过100mm F/2系统验证了该方法在远距离成像中的可扩展性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Traditional glass-based optics are typically optimized for narrow spectral bands, such as the visible (400-700nm) or shortwave infrared (1000-1800nm). While the emergence of VIS-SWIR sensors (400-1700nm) offers transformative potential, refractive optics struggle to focus this entire range simultaneously. Mirrors represent a promising achromatic alternative; however, they are often sidelined by field curvature, and off-axis aberrations. This paper introduces Computational Mirrors, a framework that enables high-resolution, wide-field-of-view imaging across the complete VIS-SWIR spectrum using a single sensor. Our method is built on the observation that distinct regions of the field of view reach focus at varying distances from the mirror. By capturing a minimal focal stack (2-4 images), we utilize a computational backend to recover a sharp, all-in-focus image. A key contribution of this work is SeidelConv, a novel, physics-inspired, spatially-varying point spread function (PSF) model designed to accurately characterize and correct the off-axis aberrations inherent in simple concave mirrors. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach using a first-of-its-kind 50mm F/1 optical system equipped with a VIS-SWIR sensor. Our system produces sharp images across RGB, NIR, and SWIR wavelengths without requiring refocusing, revealing material details invisible within individual spectral bands. We further validate the scalability of our approach with a 100mm F/2 system optimized for long-range imaging.
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