arXiv:2605.00062eess.IVcs.LG2026-05被引 1

RETO提升汽车气动预测精度,通过旋转编码捕捉空间关系。

RETO: A Rotary-Enhanced Transformer Operator for High-Fidelity Prediction of Automotive Aerodynamics

论文配图:RETO: A Rotary-Enhanced Transformer Operator for High-Fidelity Prediction of Automotive Aerodynamics
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用正弦余弦与旋转编码双机制建模全局与局部空间关系。
  • 在ShapeNet和DrivAerML上误差降低16%~23%,优于现有模型。
  • 适合需要高保真气动仿真的车辆设计与神经求解器研究者。

快速气动评估对现代车辆设计至关重要,但现有神经算子难以捕捉复杂的空间相关性。本文提出旋转增强的Transformer算子(RETO),一种新型神经求解器,具备双阶段空间感知机制:正弦-余弦编码用于全局参考,旋转位置编码(RoPE)用于相对位移。RoPE通过酉旋转编码空间关系,实现平移不变性并增强局部梯度分辨率。RETO在ShapeNet和高保真DrivAerML基准上验证。在ShapeNet上,相对$L_2$误差为0.063,优于RegDGCNN的0.125,较Transolver基线(0.075)提升16%。在DrivAerML数据集上,表面压力和速度的相对$L_2$误差分别为0.089和0.097,优于Transolver的0.116和0.121,精度提升23%和19%。对比中,AB-UBT误差为0.102和0.124,RegDGCNN为0.235和0.312。信息论分析显示,在$10^4$分辨率下,RETO熵峰为0.35,显著低于Transolver的0.75,表明其注意力机制更聚焦,能有效保留局部梯度,抑制全局扩散。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Rapid aerodynamic evaluation is crucial for modern vehicle design, yet existing neural operators struggle to capture intricate spatial correlations. We propose the rotary-enhanced transformer operator (RETO), a novel neural solver featuring a dual-stage spatial awareness mechanism: sinusoidal-cosine encodings for global referencing and rotary positional encodings (RoPE) for relative displacements. RoPE encodes spatial relations via unitary rotations, enforcing translation invariance and enhancing local gradient resolution. RETO is validated on ShapeNet and the high-fidelity DrivAerML benchmark. On ShapeNet, RETO achieves a relative $L_2$ error of 0.063, outperforming RegDGCNN at 0.125 and representing a 16\% improvement over the Transolver baseline, which yields an error of 0.075. These performance gains are further amplified on the DrivAerML dataset, where RETO achieves relative $L_2$ errors of 0.089 for surface pressure and 0.097 for velocity. In comparison, Transolver results in errors of 0.116 and 0.121 for the same metrics, indicating that RETO achieves precision enhancements of 23\% and 19\%, respectively. For comprehensive comparison, the surface pressure and velocity errors for AB-UBT are 0.102 and 0.124, while RegDGCNN yields 0.235 and 0.312, respectively. Information-theoretical analysis shows that the entropy peak of RETO at 0.35 is significantly lower than that of Transolver at 0.75 under $10^4$ resolution, indicating a focused attentional mechanism capable of preserving localized gradients against global diffusion.

气动仿真Transformer旋转编码神经算子

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