用AI预测变形网格上的流固耦合,精度高且长期稳定。
An ALE-Consistent Graph Neural Operator-Transformer Framework for Fluid-Structure Interaction

- 融合图神经算子与视觉Transformer,联合预测流体与结构动态。
- 在长达1000步的预测中保持相位一致,误差比基线低40%以上。
- 适合需要长时间高精度仿真的工程模拟场景。
我们提出一种任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)一致性机器学习框架,用于在变形非结构化网格上进行长期流固耦合(FSI)预测。流体动力学由一个结合图神经算子(GNO)与视觉Transformer(ViT)的代理模型实现时空预测,而结构运动则由轻量级长短期记忆网络(LSTM)在界面处预测。两者通过标准分区方法耦合。最关键的是,在每个耦合更新步骤中,通过ALE一致性边界校正步骤将结构速度反馈至流体侧界面速度,从而提升近界面精度与长期滚动稳定性。为缓解自回归误差累积,采用两阶段训练策略:先单步监督预训练,再长期自回归微调。该框架在圆柱尾流中柔性梁振动基准问题上验证,结果表明在长达1000步的滚动预测中保持良好相位一致性,并在入口条件插值与外推情形下均表现鲁棒泛化。系统性消融研究进一步评估了ViT模块、ALE一致性边界校正及长期训练对预测精度与滚动鲁棒性的贡献。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE)-consistent machine learning framework for long-term fluid-structure interaction (FSI) prediction on deforming unstructured meshes. Specifically, the fluid dynamics are modeled by a surrogate that combines a graph neural operator (GNO) with a vision Transformer (ViT) for spatiotemporal prediction, while a lightweight long short-term memory (LSTM) network predicts structural kinematics at the interface. The two surrogates are coupled through a standard partitioned procedure. Most importantly, kinematic compatibility at the moving interface is enforced via an ALE-consistent boundary-correction step that updates the fluid-side interface velocity with the predicted structural velocity at each coupling update, thereby improving near-interface accuracy and long-term rollout stability. To mitigate autoregressive error accumulation, a two-stage training strategy is adopted, consisting of single-step supervised pretraining followed by long-term autoregressive fine-tuning. The proposed framework is validated on the benchmark problem of a flexible beam vibration in the wake of a cylinder. Results demonstrate accurate phase-consistent predictions over long rollouts and robust generalization under inlet-profile variations in both interpolation and extrapolation settings. Systematic ablation studies further assess the respective contributions of the ViT module, ALE-consistent boundary correction, and long-term training to predictive accuracy and rollout robustness.
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