用机器学习加速相位恢复,让成像更快更准。
Machine Learning-Augmented Acceleration of Iterative Ptychographic Reconstruction

- 引入可学习的快速前推算子,跳过部分迭代步骤。
- 相比传统方法,收敛速度提升一倍以上,且保持图像质量。
- 已在同步辐射光束线部署,适合实时成像应用。
迭代相衬重建算法广泛用于相干衍射成像,但在实际实验条件下收敛缓慢。本文提出一种机器学习增强方法,通过在重建过程中引入一个可学习的快速前推算子来加速过程。先用标准迭代进行预热,再使用该算子将重建状态快速推进至更接近收敛的状态,之后恢复常规迭代更新。该策略保留了传统相衬求解器的物理一致性与灵活性,同时显著减少所需迭代次数。模型在多样化的相衬数据集上训练,并在不同年份采集的实验数据上评估,展现出良好的鲁棒性与时间泛化能力。相比传统迭代求解器,该方法在泊松负对数似然指标上实现更快收敛,壁时长缩短超过两倍,且重建质量相当。该方法已集成至现有重建流程中,并在同步辐射光束线上投入生产使用,验证了其在实时实验操作中的实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Iterative ptychographic reconstruction algorithms are widely used for coherent diffractive imaging but can exhibit slow convergence under realistic experimental conditions. We propose a machine learning-augmented approach that accelerates iterative ptychographic reconstruction by introducing a learned fast-forward operator applied during reconstruction. Following an initial warm-up using standard iterations, the fast-forward operator advances the reconstruction toward a more converged state, after which conventional iterative updates are resumed. This strategy preserves the physical consistency and flexibility of established ptychographic solvers while reducing the number of iterations required for convergence. The model is trained on diverse ptychographic datasets and evaluated on experimental data acquired in a different year, demonstrating robustness and temporal generalization. Compared with conventional iterative solvers, the machine learning-augmented method achieves comparable reconstruction quality while converging faster in terms of Poisson negative log-likelihood, yielding over a two-fold reduction in wall-clock time. The approach has been integrated into an existing reconstruction pipeline and deployed in production at a synchrotron beamline, demonstrating practicality for real-time experimental operation.
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