arXiv:2605.01546cs.NIcs.AI2026-05被引 4

6G需引入智能体,用大模型实现自主决策与协同。

6G Needs Agents: Toward Agentic AI-Native Networks for Autonomous Intelligence

论文配图:6G Needs Agents: Toward Agentic AI-Native Networks for Autonomous Intelligence
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 构建分层智能体架构,让大模型在设备-边缘-核心间协同推理。
  • 实测显示单一模型无法兼顾延迟、吞吐与准确率,需异构部署。
  • 量化影响不均,系统级优化比模型压缩更关键,适合网络设计者。

第六代(6G)网络正被设想为融合通信、感知与计算的智能基础设施。然而现有方法仍以优化为中心,依赖闭环控制且推理能力有限。本文主张向基于智能体的AI原生6G范式转型,即利用大语言模型(LLM)作为受策略约束的推理实体,在确定性3GPP基础设施之上的语义控制平面中运行。我们提出四层架构:确定性网络基础、意图与上下文的语义抽象、分层推理,以及覆盖设备、边缘和核心域的分布式多智能体系统。为验证可行性,我们开发了概念验证的智能体推理与编排框架,并在真实部署约束下使用领域专用6G基准进行大规模实证研究。结果揭示推理能力与系统效率间存在根本权衡:单一模型无法同时满足延迟、吞吐与精度要求。相反,必须在设备-边缘-核心连续体上异构部署LLM智能体以平衡约束。此外,量化对不同模型产生非均匀影响,强化了系统级优化的重要性,而非仅依赖模型级压缩。这些发现确立了智能体智能作为6G可行的架构方向,并凸显了实现可扩展、可信、自推理网络的关键挑战。所有实验结果与评估脚本已公开,支持可复现性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Sixth-generation (6G) networks are increasingly envisioned as AI-native infrastructures integrating communication, sensing, and computing into a unified fabric. However, existing approaches remain largely optimization-centric, relying on closed-loop control with limited reasoning capability. In this paper, we argue for a paradigm shift toward Agentic AI-Native 6G, in which Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents operate as bounded, policy-governed reasoning entities within a semantic control plane layered above deterministic 3GPP infrastructure. We propose a four-layer architecture that integrates deterministic network infrastructure, semantic abstraction of intent and context, hierarchical reasoning, and a distributed multi-agent fabric spanning device, edge, and core domains. To assess feasibility, we develop a proof-of-concept agentic reasoning and orchestration framework and conduct an extensive empirical study using a domain-specific 6G benchmark under realistic deployment constraints. Our results reveal a fundamental tradeoff between reasoning capability and system efficiency, showing that no single model simultaneously satisfies latency, throughput, and accuracy requirements. Instead, heterogeneous deployment of LLM agents across the device--edge--core continuum is necessary to balance these constraints. We further demonstrate that quantization introduces non-uniform effects across models, reinforcing the need for system-level optimization rather than model-level compression alone. These findings establish agentic intelligence as a viable architectural direction for 6G and highlight key challenges in achieving scalable, trustworthy, and self-reasoning networks. All experimental results and evaluation scripts are publicly available to support reproducibility.

6G智能体大模型网络架构

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