评估ESM3是否应受欧盟人工智能法案中系统性风险AI模型的监管
The Case for ESM3 as a General-Purpose AI Model with Systemic Risk Under the EU AI Act
- 将ESM3映射至生物风险链，分析其潜在双重用途风险
- 当前条件下ESM3未被欧盟人工智能法案实质性规管
- 建议补救措施以完善对前沿生物模型的监管框架
由于欧盟人工智能法案措辞模糊，本文探讨了前沿生物基础模型（如ESM3）是否应受到通用型AI模型且具有系统性风险的监管义务。我们对ESM3进行了生物风险链映射，认为其提供者应承担评估和缓解双重用途风险的责任。通过将ESM3的属性与法案及其支持材料中的分类标准对比分析，结论为：目前ESM3尚未被该法案实质性规管。为此，本文提出若干修正建议以填补监管空白。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Due to ambiguity in the wording of the EU AI Act, we examine the question of to what extent frontier biological foundation models such as ESM3 are subject to obligations for general-purpose AI models with systemic risk under the EU AI Act. In this paper, we map ESM3 to the biorisk chain, and conclude that it would be desirable if the providers of ESM3 and similar biological models were subject to these obligations, which would require them to assess and mitigate dual-use risks from their models. We then perform an analysis, comparing the attributes of ESM3 to the classification criteria in the AI Act and the supporting material. We conclude that at this time, ESM3 does not appear to be meaningfully regulated by the Act. We then propose remedies to correct the situation.
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