arXiv:2605.01679cs.CRcs.AI2026-05

针对传感器跌倒检测,提出自适应差分隐私框架,提升隐私保护下的识别准确率。

Class-Aware Adaptive Differential Privacy in Deep Learning for Sensor-Based Fall Detection

论文配图:Class-Aware Adaptive Differential Privacy in Deep Learning for Sensor-Based Fall Detection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 按每批数据类别分布动态调整梯度噪声,实现精细化隐私保护
  • 在三个公开数据集上F-score提升3.3%~8.5%,优于传统差分隐私方法
  • 兼顾形式化隐私保障与实用性能,适合医疗健康场景落地

跌倒检测对老年人群健康至关重要,可及时预防严重伤害。基于传感器的活动数据虽能有效检测跌倒,但其高度敏感性引发显著隐私担忧。现有隐私保护方法对所有训练样本施加统一噪声,损害预测性能。为此,本文提出类感知自适应差分隐私(CA-ADP)框架,结合3D CNN-BiLSTM混合架构。该机制根据每小批量数据的类别构成动态调节梯度噪声强度,在保障隐私的同时缓解性能下降。我们形式化分析了(ε,δ)-差分隐私保证,并提供隐私-效用权衡分析。在SisFall、UP-Fall和MobiAct三个公开基准数据集上评估显示,所提模型在F-score上分别较传统隐私方法提升3.3%、8.5%和7.5%。与已有研究对比表明,该框架具备竞争力性能并提供形式化隐私保障,而这一特性在多数现有研究中被忽略。威尔科xon符号秩检验确认所提机制持续优于传统差分隐私。结果验证了该框架在真实医疗环境中隐私保护跌倒检测的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Fall detection is a critical task in healthcare, particularly for elderly people. Timely fall detection and treatment can prevent severe injuries. Sensor-based activity data can be used to detect fall. However, this data are highly sensitive and raises significant privacy concerns. Existing privacy approaches apply uniform noise across all training samples, which affects the prediction performance. To address this limitation, we propose a Class-Aware Adaptive Differential Privacy (CA-ADP) framework integrated with a hybrid 3D Convolutional Neural Network and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (3D CNN-BiLSTM) architecture. The CA-ADP mechanism dynamically adjusts the magnitude of noise added to gradients based on the class composition of each mini-batch. This process ensures privacy while mitigates performance degradation. We formally analyze the $(ε,δ)$-Differential Privacy guarantee and provide a privacy-utility trade-off analysis. The proposed method is evaluated on three public benchmark datasets, namely SisFall, UP-Fall, and MobiAct. The experimental results show that the proposed privacy model achieves improvements of 3.3\%, 8.5\%, and 7.5\% over the conventional privacy-based model in terms of F-score for the SisFall, UP-Fall, and MobiAct datasets, respectively. Comparisons with prior studies show that the CA-AD based framework achieves competitive performance and provides formal privacy guarantees, which are largely overlooked in existing studies. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests confirm that the proposed mechanism consistently outperforms conventional differential privacy. Those results establish the proposed CA-ADP framework as an effective approach to privacy-preserving fall detection in real-world healthcare settings.

隐私保护跌倒检测差分隐私医疗AI

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