根据词元熵动态调整知识蒸馏,提升小模型学习效率
EGAD: Entropy-Guided Adaptive Distillation for Token-Level Knowledge Transfer

- 用教师模型输出熵指导词元级蒸馏策略
- 训练中从低熵到高熵词元逐步聚焦,提升关键信息传递
- 适合资源受限场景下高效训练轻量级语言模型
大语言模型在多个领域表现卓越,但其庞大的计算和内存需求限制了在资源受限环境中的部署。知识蒸馏通过将大模型的知识迁移至小模型提供了一种可行方案。然而,现有方法通常对所有词元一视同仁,忽略了不同词元对模型决策的贡献差异,导致知识转移效率低下、学习效果下降。为此,我们提出一种基于熵的自适应蒸馏策略,从词元层面动态调整训练过程。该方法利用教师模型输出熵来引导蒸馏的三个维度:构建词元级课程,训练过程中动态从低熵词元转向高熵词元;根据词元熵调整蒸馏温度,更准确捕捉教师置信度模式;采用双分支结构,在简单词元上进行仅日志概率蒸馏,在困难词元上进行深层特征蒸馏。大量实验证明了该方法的有效性与合理性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across diverse domains, yet their enormous computational and memory requirements hinder deployment in resource-constrained environments. Knowledge distillation offers a promising solution by transferring knowledge from a large teacher model to a smaller student model. However, existing distillation methods typically treat all tokens equally, ignoring the fact that different tokens contribute unequally to model decisions. This can lead to inefficient knowledge transfer and reduced learning effectiveness. To address this limitation, we propose an entropy-based adaptive distillation strategy that dynamically adjusts the training process at the token level. Our method leverages the teacher's output entropy to guide three aspects of distillation. Specifically, we introduce a token-level curriculum by dynamically shifting focus from low- to high-entropy tokens during training. We further adjust the distillation temperature based on token entropy to better capture teacher confidence patterns. Moreover, we employ a dual-branch architecture for efficient logits-only distillation on easy tokens and deeper feature-based distillation on difficult tokens. Extensive experiments validate the soundness and effectiveness of our method.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。