arXiv:2605.01745cs.AIcs.CL2026-05

在隐私成本未知时,智能决定是否花钱查成本再定价。

NH-CROP: Robust Pricing for Governed Language Data Assets under Cost Uncertainty

论文配图:NH-CROP: Robust Pricing for Governed Language Data Assets under Cost Uncertainty
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用可裁剪的鲁棒框架判断何时该花钱查真实成本
  • 实测显示不查成本反而常比查了更赚钱
  • 适合数据平台做价格决策,尤其成本波动大时

语言数据正被越来越多地作为资产进行采购和管理,但平台常在不知真实隐私或访问成本的情况下就定价。我们研究在成本不确定下的在线定价问题:每轮中,平台观察一个NLP任务、一个候选数据资产和粗略成本估计,可选择支付费用获取更精确的成本信号,设定价格,并获得安全净收益。本文提出 extsc{NH-CROP},一种带无害信息获取门的裁剪鲁棒定价框架。该方法对比直接定价、风险敏感定价与验证后定价,仅当信息的预期决策价值超过无需验证的最佳替代方案时才获取信息。在合成数据、真实代理和下游效用基准上,裁剪版 extsc{NH-CROP}均表现优于或持平于仅定价和风险敏感基线。因果消融实验表明,在真实代理和效用驱动设置中,付费验证并非收益主要来源:最强策略往往选择不验证。最优诊断显示,精细成本信息仍具有显著局部价值。总体而言,治理型语言数据平台应优先在成本不确定下校准定价,仅当信息廉价且能影响决策时才验证。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Language data are increasingly acquired and governed as assets, yet platforms often price candidate resources before knowing their true privacy or access costs. We study online pricing for governed language data assets under cost uncertainty. At each round, a platform observes an NLP task, a candidate asset, and a coarse cost estimate, may pay for a refined cost signal, posts a price, and receives safe net revenue. We introduce \textsc{NH-CROP}, a clipped robust pricing framework with a no-harm information-acquisition gate. The method compares direct pricing, risk-aware pricing, and verify-then-price, and acquires information only when its estimated decision value exceeds the best no-verification alternative. Across synthetic, real-proxy, and downstream-utility-grounded benchmarks, clipped \textsc{NH-CROP} variants improve or remain competitive with price-only and risk-aware baselines. Causal ablations show that paid verification is not the main source of gains in real-proxy and utility-grounded settings: the strongest learned policies often choose not to verify. Oracle and high-decision-value diagnostics show that refined cost information can still have substantial local value. Overall, governed language-data platforms should calibrate pricing under uncertain access costs first and verify only when information is cheap and decision-actionable.

数据定价成本不确定性决策优化

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