arXiv:2605.01959cs.LGcs.CL2026-05被引 1

根据输入复杂度动态调整参数量,提升模型推理与语音任务效果

Flexi-LoRA with Input-Adaptive Ranks: Efficient Finetuning for Speech and Reasoning Tasks

  • 输入越复杂,分配的参数越多,训练与推理保持一致
  • 相同参数下性能更高,数学推理任务提升更明显
  • 适合需要严格逻辑链的任务,如数学推理和复杂问答

参数高效微调方法如低秩适应(LoRA)已成为部署大语言模型的关键技术,但其静态参数分配对不同复杂度输入不够优化。我们提出Flexi-LoRA框架,根据输入复杂度在训练和推理阶段动态调整LoRA秩。在问答、数学推理和语音任务上的实证分析表明,保持训练与推理动态一致性对有效适配至关重要,尤其在序列推理任务中。结果发现,基于输入的参数分配能在更少参数下实现更高性能,最优秩配置可精准匹配问题复杂度。任务间对秩动态的依赖程度不同,数学推理任务依赖更高于问答任务。成功适配不仅体现在正确率,还体现在推理质量与指令遵循上。Flexi-LoRA始终优于静态LoRA,且使用更少参数,在需严格推理链的任务中优势更显著。该方法以更简洁方式实现专家混合框架的核心优势,减少参数冗余并增强模型能力。我们在多样任务上进行了全面实验,为未来输入自适应高效微调研究奠定基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) have become essential for deploying large language models, yet their static parameter allocation remains suboptimal for inputs of varying complexity. We present Flexi-LoRA, a novel framework that dynamically adjusts LoRA ranks based on input complexity during both training and inference. Through empirical analysis across question answering, mathematical reasoning, and speech tasks, we demonstrate that maintaining consistency between training and inference dynamics is important for effective adaptation, particularly for sequential reasoning tasks. Our findings reveal that input-dependent parameter allocation achieves higher performance with fewer parameters by optimally matching rank configurations to question complexity. Furthermore, task-specific dependency on rank dynamics varies, with mathematical reasoning tasks exhibiting higher dependency than QA tasks. Successful adaptation manifests not only in correctness but also in reasoning quality and instruction adherence. Flexi-LoRA consistently outperforms static LoRA while using fewer parameters, with performance gains more pronounced on tasks requiring strict reasoning chains. Our approach realizes key benefits of mixture-of-experts frameworks through a more streamlined implementation, reducing parameter redundancy while improving model capabilities. We provide comprehensive empirical studies across diverse tasks, establishing a basis for future work in input-adaptive and efficient fine-tuning approaches.

LoRA参数高效推理增强动态调整

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