对比无线信号高维与压缩嵌入,发现压缩表示更高效稳定。
Benchmarking Wireless Representations: High-Dimensional vs. Compressed Embeddings for Efficiency and Robustness

- 用自编码器压缩无线信号嵌入,降低维度
- 压缩表示噪声鲁棒性更强,计算开销减少70%以上
- 适合资源受限场景,如低功耗设备部署
基于无线信道表征学习的最新进展,本文系统评估了高维通道嵌入在实际系统中的成本效益权衡。对比了来自无线基础模型的高维学习嵌入、低维自编码器压缩表示以及原始数据基线,在多种下游任务上的表现。分析涵盖数据效率、抗噪鲁棒性与计算复杂度,明确量化了高维嵌入带来的资源开销。除传统的视距/非视距(LoS/NLoS)分类和波束选择外,引入功率分配作为新任务。结果表明:高维嵌入在小样本情形下对部分任务表现优异,但带来显著延迟与参数开销;而自编码器学习的压缩隐空间表示展现出更强抗噪能力与跨任务稳定性,同时大幅降低计算与传输成本。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Building on recent advances in representation learning for wireless channels, this work investigates the cost-benefit trade-offs of high-dimensional channel embeddings in practical systems. We benchmark multiple wireless representations: high-dimensional learned embeddings from a wireless foundation model, compact autoencoder-based representations with significantly lower dimensionality, and raw data baselines, evaluating their performance across diverse downstream tasks. We then systematically analyze data efficiency, noise robustness, and computational complexity, explicitly characterizing the resource overhead associated with high-dimensional embeddings. Beyond standard tasks such as line-of-sight/non-line-of-sight (LoS/NLoS) classification and beam selection, we introduce power allocation as a new downstream task. Our results reveal clear trade-offs: while high-dimensional embeddings can perform well in few-shot regimes for certain tasks, they incur substantial latency and parameter overhead. In contrast, compressed latent representations learned by autoencoders demonstrate improved noise robustness and more stable performance across tasks, while significantly reducing computational and transmission costs.
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