arXiv:2605.02024cs.AI2026-05中稿 · KR被引 1

提出对话式防御框架,让论点能根据对手攻击灵活应对。

Tenability and Weak Semantics: Modeling Non-uniform Defense -- Extended Version

  • 用对话博弈建模论点如何应对不同攻击,不强制统一防御
  • 三种变体中静态可维持性为Π²ᴾ完全,其他为PSPACE完全
  • 适合研究论证逻辑、人工智能推理的学者参考

在Dung风格的抽象论证系统中,多种语义刻画了论点可接受性的概念。可接受性语义要求论点能一致地抵御所有潜在反驳。弱语义通常通过限制需认真对待的反驳类型(如忽略自败或不一致的攻击)来放松可接受性要求。许多主流弱语义仍保持更强的扩展性基础:即使反驳本身不一致,也必须统一防御所有合理反驳。这种统一性在防御具有策略性时可能过于严格,因应答方式应随对手攻击而变。本文提出「可维持性」(tenability)这一对话式语义家族,形式化在辩论中,指定论点(或论点集)能否由支持者对抗任意无冲突的攻击。该方法基于三个自然基准模式:自败攻击、浮动赋值、析取重建,其行为区别于文献中已有所有弱语义。我们定义三种变体——静态可维持性、可维持性、强可维持性——通过有限无冲突动作上的单调承诺博弈,差异在于对辩论者的义务要求。我们建立这些概念间的相对强度关系,证明与已有弱语义的蕴含与分离性,并分析有限框架下的计算复杂度:判定静态可维持性为Π²ᴾ完全,判定可维持性与强可维持性为PSPACE完全。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In Dung-style abstract argumentation, various semantics capture notions of acceptability of arguments. The admissibility semantics capture the notion that an argument can be consistently defended from any potential counterargument. Weak semantics often relax the demands of admissibility by restricting which counterarguments must be taken seriously (e.g., discounting self-defeating or otherwise incoherent attacks). Many prominent proposals for weak semantics remain extension-based in a stronger sense. While these semantics discount attacks from arguments which are considered unreasonable, they still require a uniform defense against all reasonable arguments, even if they are collectively inconsistent. This uniformity can be too demanding when defensibility is inherently strategic, and thus the appropriate reply depends on the opponent's line of attack. We introduce tenability, a family of dialogue-based semantics that formalize when a designated argument (or a set of arguments) can be maintained in debate by a proponent against any conflict-free attack which the opponent may present. The approach is motivated by three natural benchmark patterns: self-defeating attack, floating assignment, and disjunctive reinstatement, on which tenability behaves differently from all weak semantics previously considered in the literature. We define three variants -- static tenability, tenability, and strong tenability -- via monotone commitment games over finite conflict-free moves, differing in the obligations imposed on the disputants. We establish the relative strength of these notions, prove implications and separations with previously studied weak semantics, and we analyze computational complexity on finite frameworks: deciding static tenability is $Π^P_2$-complete, while deciding tenability and strong tenability is PSPACE-complete.

论证逻辑语义模型复杂性分析

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