用大模型动态组合专家,实现网络与计算的智能协同优化
Agentic AI-Based Joint Computing and Networking via Mixture of Experts and Large Language Models
- 用大语言模型作为语义门,按意图动态组合专用优化专家
- 在多种目标下性能接近穷举最优,优于单一专家
- 适合需要灵活应对复杂网络需求的研究者与工程师
未来六代移动网络(6G)将部署多种强大且高度专业的优化专家。这一愿景也带来了可扩展机制的需求,以根据高层意图和不确定性描述选择、组合并编排这些专家。本文提出一种基于代理式人工智能(Agentic AI)的网络优化框架,融合混合专家(MoE)架构与大语言模型(LLMs)。在此框架中,所采用的LLM充当语义门,推理操作目标并动态构建合适的优化代理。该框架以模型无关方式设计,连接人类可读的网络意图与底层资源分配决策,支持跨异构目标和运行条件的灵活优化。作为代表性实例,我们将框架应用于联合通信与计算网络,并设计了一个包含覆盖吞吐量、公平性和延迟驱动目标的专用优化专家库,适用于常规与鲁棒场景。数值仿真表明,所提出的代理式MoE框架在性能上持续接近穷举专家组合的近优解,且在延迟最小化与吞吐量最大化等多样目标下均超越单一专家表现。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks are envisioned to be equipped with a diverse set of powerful, yet highly specialized, optimization experts. Such a promising vision is concurrently expected to give rise to the need for scalable mechanisms that can select, combine, and orchestrate such experts based on high-level intent and uncertainty descriptions. In this paper, we propose an agentic artificial intelligence (AI)-based network optimization framework that integrates mixture of experts (MoE) architectures with large language models (LLMs). Under the proposed framework, the employed LLM acts as a semantic gate to reason over operator objectives and dynamically compose suitable optimization agents. The proposed framework is formulated in a model-agnostic manner and bridges human-readable network intents with low-level resource allocation decisions, enabling flexible optimization across heterogeneous objectives and operating conditions. As a representative instantiation, we apply the framework to a joint communication and computing network and design a library of specialized optimization experts covering throughput, fairness, and delay-driven objectives under both regular and robust conditions. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed agentic MoE framework consistently achieves near-optimal performance compared to exhaustive expert combinations while outperforming individual experts across diverse objectives, including delay minimization and throughput maximization.
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