arXiv:2605.03429astro-ph.IMcs.LG2026-05

自动检测天文图像中的卫星轨迹并关联轨道数据,提升空间态势感知能力。

StreakMind: AI detection and analysis of satellite streaks in astronomical images with automated database integration

论文配图:StreakMind: AI detection and analysis of satellite streaks in astronomical images with automated database integration
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于改进的YOLO OBB模型检测卫星轨迹,融合几何与时间关联分析。
  • 在测试集上达到94%精度和97%召回率,可识别微弱轨迹。
  • 适合天文观测站、空间监测机构用于大规模数据清洗与轨道追踪。

人造卫星和空间碎片正日益污染天文图像,干扰科学观测并产生大量带状曝光。人工检查已无法应对规模需求,可靠检测与表征轨迹成为数据质量控制及地球轨道物体监测的关键。我们提出StreakMind,一个自动化流水线,可检测近地天体与卫星轨迹,刻画其几何特征,并与已知轨道目标交叉比对。系统将所有推理结果整合至结构化数据库,适用于大规模巡天。采用2335张图像构成的混合数据集训练了YOLO OBB模型,并应用于处理后的FITS帧。通过几何精修、帧间关联、卫星交叉比对及基于高斯的置信度评分,生成最终识别结果并存入关系型数据库。基于拉萨格拉天文台观测数据开发与验证该方法。在测试集上,模型达到94%精度和97%召回率,能可靠检测微弱轨迹,提供一致的几何重构与稳健的卫星交叉识别。StreakMind展现了在大规模线性轨迹分析中的强潜力,有助于提升空间态势感知能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Artificial satellites and space debris increasingly contaminate astronomical images, affecting scientific surveys and producing large volumes of streaked exposures. Manual inspection is no longer feasible at scale, and reliable detection and characterisation of streaks has become essential for both data-quality control and the monitoring of objects in Earth orbit. We present StreakMind, an automated pipeline designed to detect Near-Earth Objects and satellite streaks in astronomical images, characterise their geometry, and cross-identify them with known orbital objects. The system integrates all inference results into a structured database suitable for large surveys. A YOLO OBB model was trained on a hybrid dataset of 2335 images and applied to processed FITS frames. Geometric refinement, inter-frame association, satellite cross-identification, and Gaussian-based confidence scoring were then used to produce final identifications stored in a relational database. Observations from La Sagra Observatory were used to develop and test the method. On the test set, the model achieved a precision of 94 percent and a recall of 97 percent. It reliably detected faint streaks, delivered consistent geometric reconstructions, and performed robust satellite cross-identification. StreakMind demonstrates strong potential for large-scale automated analysis of linear streaks produced by both Near-Earth Objects and artificial satellites, contributing to space situational awareness.

卫星轨迹自动化检测空间态势天文图像

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。