arXiv:2605.03944cs.LGcs.AI2026-05被引 1

将现代表格神经网络适配生存分析,提升预测准确性。

TabSurv: Adapting Modern Tabular Neural Networks to Survival Analysis

论文配图:TabSurv: Adapting Modern Tabular Neural Networks to Survival Analysis
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 采用威布尔分布或非参数方法,适配先进表格模型到生存分析
  • 深度集成模型并行训练,优化生存分布参数后平均,提升预测多样性
  • 在10个真实数据集上显著优于经典与深度学习基线方法

表格数据上的生存分析是经典问题。然而,现有深度学习方法通常高度任务特定,限制了跨领域迁移并可能影响性能。我们提出TabSurv,通过威布尔分布或非参数生存预测,将现代表格架构适配于生存分析。TabSurv优化一种新型直方图损失函数(SurvHL),支持删失数据。除基础前馈网络外,还实现多层感知机的深度集成,集成组件并行训练,在平均前分别优化生存分布参数,以增强预测多样性。我们在10个多样化的现实世界生存数据集上进行综合评估。结果表明,TabSurv在平均表现上持续优于经典和深度学习基线方法,如RSF、DeepSurv、DeepHit、SurvTRACE。值得注意的是,采用威布尔参数化的深度集成模型在C-index排名中取得最高平均分。整体而言,本研究阐明了如何有效适配并训练现代表格神经网络解决生存分析问题,提供了一种强而可靠的新方法。代码已公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Survival analysis on tabular data is a well-studied problem. However, existing deep learning methods are often highly task-specific, which can limit the transfer of new approaches from other domains and introduce constraints that may affect performance. We propose TabSurv, an approach that adapts modern tabular architectures to survival analysis using either the Weibull distribution or non-parametric survival prediction. TabSurv optimizes SurvHL, a novel histogram loss function supporting censored data. In addition to a baseline feed-forward network, we implement deep ensembles of MLPs for survival analysis within TabSurv. In contrast to prior work, the ensemble components are trained in parallel, optimizing survival distribution parameters before averaging, which promotes diversity across ensemble component predictions. We perform a comprehensive empirical evaluation of different proposed architectures on 10 diverse real-world survival datasets. Our results show that TabSurv consistently outperforms on average established classical and deep learning baselines, such as RSF, DeepSurv, DeepHit, SurvTRACE. Notably, deep ensembles with Weibull parametrization instead of non-parametric models achieve the highest average rank by C-index. Overall, our study clarifies how modern tabular neural networks can be adapted and trained to tackle survival analysis problems, offering a strong and reliable approach. The TabSurv implementation is publicly available.

生存分析表格数据深度集成威布尔分布

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