arXiv:2605.04062cs.LGcs.AI2026-05被引 1

用混合精度量化蒸馏,让大模型在低比特下又快又准。

EdgeRazor: A Lightweight Framework for Large Language Models via Mixed-Precision Quantization-Aware Distillation

论文配图:EdgeRazor: A Lightweight Framework for Large Language Models via Mixed-Precision Quantization-Aware Distillation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 混合精度量化+感知蒸馏,精细控制每层位宽。
  • 1.88比特的Qwen3-0.6B比2比特基线高11.27分。
  • 训练成本降4-10倍,推理加速15倍,适合移动端部署。

量化已成为在资源受限设备上部署大语言模型的主流方法,但将精度压缩至4比特以下通常导致性能严重下降或重训练成本过高。本文提出EdgeRazor,一种基于混合精度量化感知蒸馏的轻量级框架。包含三个模块:细粒度控制位宽的结构化混合精度量化、动态选择关键特征的层自适应特征蒸馏,以及兼顾正向与反向信息熵的熵感知KL散度。在MobileLLM和Qwen系列上的评估表明,在权重量化-激活量化条件下,1.88比特的Qwen3-0.6B-EdgeRazor相较于最先进2比特基线提升11.27分,超越最强3比特基线4.38分;而量化后的MobileLLM-350M-EdgeRazor训练预算仅为领先量化感知训练方法的4-10倍。效率方面,所有位宽下压缩率更高,1.58比特的Qwen3-0.6B-EdgeRazor将存储从1.11 GB降至0.19 GB,解码速度相比16比特基线提升15.16倍。实验验证了EdgeRazor的有效性与高效性。代码可在GitHub和HuggingFace获取。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Quantization has emerged as a mainstream approach for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices, yet compressing precision below 4-bit typically causes severe performance degradation or prohibitive retraining costs. In this paper, we propose EdgeRazor, a lightweight framework for LLMs via Mixed-Precision Quantization-Aware Distillation. It contains three modules: Structural Quantization with Mixed Precision for fine-grained control of bit-widths, Layer-Adaptive Feature Distillation that dynamically selects the most informative features for alignment, and Entropy-Aware KL Divergence for forward-reverse balance on both human-annotated and distilled datasets. Evaluations conducted on MobileLLM and Qwen families show that under weight-activation quantization, the 1.88-bit Qwen3-0.6B-EdgeRazor outperforms the state-of-the-art 2-bit baselines by 11.27 and surpasses the strongest 3-bit baselines by 4.38, while the quantized MobileLLM-350M-EdgeRazor requires a training budget 4-10$\times$ lower than the leading quantization-aware training method. In terms of efficiency, EdgeRazor achieves higher compression ratios at all bit-widths, and the 1.58-bit Qwen3-0.6B-EdgeRazor reduces storage from 1.11 GB to 0.19 GB while accelerating decoding by 15.16$\times$ over the 16-bit baseline. These results empirically validate the effectiveness and efficiency of EdgeRazor. The codes can be accessed from \href{https://github.com/zhangsq-nju/EdgeRazor}{GitHub} and \href{https://huggingface.co/collections/zhangsq-nju/edgerazor-nbit}{Huggingface}.

大模型压缩量化蒸馏轻量化部署混合精度

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