为成人学习设计AI教育工具，提出19条实用指南。
Guidelines for Designing AI Technologies to Support Adult Learning
- 基于长期部署数据提炼出19条成人学习AI设计准则。
- 指南涵盖成人学习者需求、技术适配与评估方法。
- 适合教育科技开发者与成人教育研究者参考。
AI赋能的教育技术在学习效果上已显现可衡量的益处，但其设计与评估主要聚焦于基础教育阶段。因此，许多AI支持的学习系统未能契合成人学习者的需求、限制与目标。本文通过分析美国一家国家级跨学科研究机构在成人学习与在线教育领域开发的若干AI学习技术的长期部署数据，采用反思性主题分析法，识别出各系统中反复出现的挑战与设计考量。这些洞察被整合为一套19条设计指南，旨在指导未来面向成人学习者的AI技术支持系统的设计。我们通过启发式评估验证了这些指南的有效性，并提出一个指南探索工具，该工具将设计准则与分析过程中提取的利益相关者陈述相连接，辅助新技术的构思与设计。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI-powered educational technologies have demonstrated measurable benefits for learners, but their design and evaluation have largely centered on K-12 contexts. As a result, many AI-supported learning systems remain poorly aligned with the needs, constraints, and goals of adult learners. To better understand how AI systems function in adult education, this paper examines the deployment of several AI learning technologies developed within a multidisciplinary, national research institute in the United States focused on adult learning and online education. Drawing on longitudinal deployment data, we conducted a reflexive thematic analysis to identify recurring challenges and design considerations across systems. These insights were synthesized into a set of 19 design guidelines intended to inform future AI-supported adult learning technologies. We demonstrate the utility of these guidelines through a heuristic evaluation of the deployed systems. Lastly, we present a guideline exploration tool that aids in the ideation of technologies by connecting the guidelines to stakeholder statements surfaced in the analysis process.
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