让文本和图结构互相验证补全,提升大模型推理准确性
Text-Graph Synergy: A Bidirectional Verification and Completion Framework for RAG

- 双向增强:图信息反哺文本,文本线索复活被剪枝的图路径
- 在多跳推理任务中超越现有方法,精度与效率更优
- 适合需要精准推理的智能问答、知识系统场景
检索增强生成(RAG)已成为提升大语言模型事实依据性和多跳推理能力的核心范式。传统文本型RAG常召回逻辑无关的伪证据,而图结构型RAG则受制于搜索时剪枝,可能丢弃有效推理路径。现有混合方法多采用简单证据拼接或单向增强,无法解决文本与图之间不对称推理流导致的‘信息孤岛’问题。本文提出统一框架TGS-RAG,实现文本与图的双向协同增强:(i) 图到文本通道采用全局投票策略,从已访问图节点重构并精炼文本证据,过滤语义噪声;(ii) 文本到图通道引入基于记忆的孤立实体桥接算法,利用文本线索主动恢复搜索历史中曾被剪枝但有效的推理路径,无需额外数据库开销。在多个多跳推理基准上的实验表明,TGS-RAG显著优于当前最先进基线,在检索精度与计算效率间取得更优平衡。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a core paradigm for enhancing factual grounding and multi-hop reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). Traditional text-based RAG often retrieves logically irrelevant pseudo-evidence, while graph-based RAG is frequently hindered by search-time pruning, which may discard potentially valid reasoning paths. Existing hybrid approaches primarily adopt simple evidence concatenation or unidirectional enhancement, which fails to address the fundamental "Information Island" problem caused by asymmetric reasoning flows between unstructured text and structured graphs. We propose \textbf{TGS-RAG}, a unified framework for \textbf{T}ext-\textbf{G}raph \textbf{S}ynergistic enhancement. TGS-RAG introduces a bidirectional mechanism: (i) a \textbf{Graph-to-Text} channel that employs a Global Voting strategy from visited graph nodes to re-rank and refine textual evidence, filtering out semantic noise; and (ii) a \textbf{Text-to-Graph} channel that utilizes the \textbf{Memory-based Orphan Entity Bridging} algorithm. This algorithm utilizes textual cues to proactively resurrect valid but previously pruned reasoning paths from the search history without additional database overhead. Experimental results on multiple multi-hop reasoning benchmarks demonstrate that TGS-RAG significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving a superior balance between retrieval precision and computational efficiency.
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