arXiv:2605.05975cs.LGphysics.flu-dyn2026-05

用单步模型实现快速高保真流场重建,比传统方法快12倍。

Physical Fidelity Reconstruction via Improved Consistency-Distilled Flow Matching for Dynamical Systems

论文配图:Physical Fidelity Reconstruction via Improved Consistency-Distilled Flow Matching for Dynamical Systems
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将最优传输流匹配模型压缩为单步一致性模型,提升推理速度。
  • 在256×256流场上保留教师模型性能,参数减半,推理提速12倍。
  • 适合实时仿真、集合预测等低延迟科学计算场景。

从低精度观测中重建高保真流场是科学机器学习的核心问题。现有扩散与流匹配模型通常依赖迭代采样,难以满足集成预报、实时可视化及仿真闭环推理等低延迟需求。本文研究如何将高容量流匹配生成模型压缩为紧凑的单步模型,以实现快速科学流场重建。方法通过将最优传输流匹配教师模型蒸馏为单步一致性模型,推理时以加噪观测初始化生成轨迹,使无条件高保真模型无需重训即可完成条件重建。在三个流体基准测试(烟羽浮力、湍流通道流、柯尔莫戈洛夫流)上评估,采用粗到细重建作为可控测试平台,最大场尺寸达256×256。结果表明,蒸馏学生模型在频谱度量上保持与教师相近性能,参数量约为其一半,推理速度提升12倍。在相同训练预算下,学生模型比直接训练的一步一致性模型在SSIM上高出23.1%,证明蒸馏不仅加速采样,更提升训练效率。该方法为未来高容量科学生成模型向轻量化重建模型转化提供了可行路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reconstructing high-fidelity flow fields from low-fidelity observations is a central problem in scientific machine learning, yet recent diffusion and flow-matching models typically rely on iterative sampling, making them costly for latency-sensitive workflows such as ensemble forecasting, real-time visualization, and simulation-in-the-loop inference. We study whether a high-fidelity flow-matching generative model can be compressed into a compact one-step model for fast scientific flow reconstruction. Our approach distills an optimal-transport flow-matching teacher into a one-step consistency model. Low-fidelity observations are incorporated at inference by initializing the generative trajectory from a noised observation along the transport path, allowing an unconditional high-fidelity flow model to perform conditional reconstruction without retraining the teacher. We evaluate this distillation strategy on three fluid benchmarks, Smoke Buoyancy, Turbulent Channel Flow, and Kolmogorov Flow, using coarse-to-fine reconstruction as a controlled testbed at field sizes up to $256 \times 256$. Across these settings, the distilled student retains similar performance of the teacher's model on spectrum metrics, while using roughly half as many parameters and achieving a $12\times$ inference speedup over the flow-matching teacher. Under the same training budget, the distilled student also outperforms a one-step consistency model trained directly from scratch by $23.1\%$ in SSIM, showing that teacher distillation improves training efficiency rather than merely accelerating sampling. These results suggest a promising route for turning future high-capacity scientific generative models into compact reconstruction models that are faster to train, cheaper to run, and easier to deploy.

流场重建生成模型模型压缩科学计算

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