arXiv:2605.07062cs.SEcs.AI2026-05中稿 · the 3rd ACM Intern…

AI在持续集成中从辅助转向自主,关键在于设计决策权移交机制。

From Assistance to Agency: Rethinking Autonomy and Control in CI/CD Pipelines

  • 区分数据面与控制面权限,明确代理决策边界
  • 当前系统多限于局部自主,依赖外部治理保障安全
  • 适合关注AI工程化落地与人机协作的研究者

AI代理正逐步承担持续集成/部署(CI/CD)流程中的主动角色,但学界缺乏统一术语来定义其自主性、决策授权程度及控制归属。本文提出一种智能型CI/CD愿景,核心挑战并非提升任务性能,而是设计权威转移机制——即在特定约束与回溯机制下,将操作决策权从人工管道移交至代理系统。为此,我们区分数据面权威(如补丁生成、测试重试等局部干预)与控制面权威(如流水线配置、部署策略、审批门禁修改)。基于研究原型与工业平台分析,当前系统主要处于数据面的有限自主状态,安全性依赖外围治理架构而非代理自身保障。我们识别出三大模式:受限自主为主流设计、外部治理为首要安全手段、部署速度与评估方法间差距持续扩大。建议研究重点应优先解决控制面安全与治理机制,其次推进自主边界形式化、评估框架构建及人机协同机制研究。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI agents are assuming active roles in Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) workflows, yet the research community lacks a shared vocabulary for describing what it means for CI/CD to be agentic, how much decision authority is delegated, and where control should reside. This paper presents a vision of agentic CI/CD in which the central challenge is not improving task performance but designing authority transfer, defined as the delegation of operational decisions from human-controlled pipelines to agent systems under specified constraints and recourse mechanisms. To structure this argument, we introduce a distinction between data-plane authority (localized interventions such as patch generation and test reruns) and control-plane authority (modifications to pipeline configuration, deployment policies, and approval gates). Drawing on research prototypes and industrial platforms, we show that current systems operate mainly at the data plane under bounded autonomy, with safety achieved through surrounding governance infrastructure rather than intrinsic agent guarantees. We identify three recurring patterns: constrained autonomy as the dominant design, external governance as the primary safety mechanism, and a widening gap between deployment momentum and evaluation methodology. We propose a research agenda in which control-plane safety and governance mechanisms represent the most urgent open problem, followed by formalization of autonomy boundaries, evaluation frameworks, and human--agent coordination.

CI/CDAI代理自主性人机协作

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