arXiv:2605.07149cs.CV2026-05中稿 · CVPR

构建多视角法向量数据集,提升工业缺陷检测精度。

Real-IAD MVN: A Multi-View Normal Vector Dataset and Benchmark for High-Fidelity Industrial Anomaly Detection

论文配图:Real-IAD MVN: A Multi-View Normal Vector Dataset and Benchmark for High-Fidelity Industrial Anomaly Detection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用五视角捕捉高保真表面法向图,替代稀疏点云。
  • 法向量融合比稀疏点云检测性能显著提升。
  • 适合研究几何缺陷检测与多模态融合的学者。

工业缺陷检测对质量控制至关重要,但现有方法难以捕捉细微的几何缺陷。标准2D(RGB)图像受纹理和光照影响大,常忽略微小几何异常;而3D点云虽能反映宏观形状,却因过于稀疏难以发现划痕、凹坑等微缺陷。为此,本文提出Real-IAD-MVN(多视角法向量)数据集,通过升级采集系统,从五个不同视角获取高保真表面法向图,完全替代稀疏3D数据。该数据集提供微观级别的完整几何表征,使原本不可见的侧壁及遮挡缺陷变得可检测。实验表明,引入密集的多视角伪3D(法向量)数据显著优于稀疏点云。为验证数据集并建立基准,我们提出一种基于重建的基线方法,学习跨模态统一原型,从图像与法向量流中提取特征。结果表明,该统一原型方法超越现有先进多模态融合方法,凸显了本数据集在推动几何异常检测方面的巨大潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Industrial Anomaly Detection (IAD) is critical for quality control, but existing methods struggle with subtle, geometric defects. Standard 2D (RGB) images are sensitive to texture and lighting but often miss fine geometric anomalies. While 3D point clouds capture macro-shape, they are typically too sparse to detect micro-defects like scratches or pits. We address this fundamental data limitation by introducing Real-IAD-MVN (Multi-View Normal), a large-scale industrial dataset. By upgrading our acquisition system, Real-IAD-MVN captures high-fidelity surface normal maps from five distinct viewpoints, replacing sparse 3D data entirely. This provides a comprehensive geometric representation at a micro-detail level, making previously invisible side-wall and occluded defects explicitly detectable. Our experiments, conducted on this new dataset, first provide evidence that incorporating dense, multi-view pseudo-3D (surface normals) yields significantly better detection performance than using sparse 3D point cloud data. To further validate the dataset and provide a strong benchmark, we introduce a baseline method based on reconstruction, which learns to extract cross-modal unified prototypes from the image and normal map streams. We demonstrate that this unified prototype approach surpasses existing state-of-the-art multimodal fusion methods, highlighting the rich potential of our new dataset for advancing geometric anomaly detection.

缺陷检测多视角法向量工业视觉

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