arXiv:2605.07157cs.LG2026-05

用学习的拉格朗日函数预测偏微分方程系统,保持能量守恒实现长期稳定预测。

Learned Lagrangian Models of PDEs via Euler-Lagrange Residual Minimization

论文配图:Learned Lagrangian Models of PDEs via Euler-Lagrange Residual Minimization
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过最小化欧拉-拉格朗日残差,构建无网格的近辛积分器
  • 在双摆、一维和二维波动方程上实现与经典辛方法相当的误差
  • 无需重训练即可适应空间变化动力学和任意边界条件

我们提出首个直接使用学习的连续拉格朗日函数来预测由偏微分方程支配的系统动力学的方法,利用其固有的守恒结构实现长期稳定预测。我们开发了一种基于优化的积分器,通过在局部时空片段上采用无网格的近辛构造,最小化平方欧拉-拉格朗日残差。不同于解析模型的积分器,学习模型的积分器需将模型误差(相位误差)与积分误差(守恒误差)解耦。通过依赖优化而非时间步进,我们绕开了固定离散化的全局耦合问题,该问题会减慢时间和空间步进并复杂化学习过程。我们的方法通过雅可比迭代实现域大小的线性扩展,对学习网络无结构要求,可与现有物理引导机器学习方法结合。我们在学习的双摆、一维波动方程和二维波动方程上验证了该方法。结果表明,该方法在误差上可媲美经典辛方法,同时能泛化至空间变化的动力学和任意边界条件而无需重新训练。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present the first method to directly use a learned continuous Lagrangian to forecast the dynamics of systems governed by partial differential equations, exploiting the inherent conservative structure to achieve stable long-range predictions. We develop an optimization-based integrator that minimizes the squared Euler--Lagrange residual via a mesh-free near-symplectic construction on local space-time patches. Different from integrators for analytical models, integrators for learned models should decouple model error (phase error) from integration error (conservation error). By relying on optimization rather than time-stepping, we bypass the global coupling inherent to fixed discretizations, which slows time- and space-stepping and complicates learning. Our method scales linearly with domain size via Jacobi iteration, and places no structural requirements on the learned network, allowing it to be coupled with existing physics-guided machine learning (ML) methods. We validate our approach on a learned representation of a double pendulum, a one-dimensional wave equation, and a two-dimensional wave equation. Our method achieves error comparable to classical symplectic methods while generalizing to spatially varying dynamics and arbitrary boundary conditions without retraining.

PDE建模拉格朗日学习物理信息神经网络

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