arXiv:2605.07357cs.AI2026-05

让大模型分步推理图数据,边查边优化,效果更优。

GraphReAct: Reasoning and Acting for Multi-step Graph Inference

论文配图:GraphReAct: Reasoning and Acting for Multi-step Graph Inference
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 设计双检索动作:看结构和查语义,动态扩展信息。
  • 引入上下文精炼动作,逐步压缩冗余信息,提升推理效率。
  • 六项基准测试均超越现有方法,适合复杂图推理任务。

推理-行动框架通过交替进行推理与操作,提升大语言模型在动态信息获取中的表现。然而,将该范式应用于图学习仍缺乏深入探索。图数据具有固有结构,信息分布在节点与边上,由拓扑关系和潜在表示共同编码。因此,有效图推理不仅需要从图中检索相关信息,还需在多步推理过程中持续优化累积的上下文。本文提出GraphReAct,一种支持图结构数据分步推理的推理-行动框架。具体而言,设计基于图的动作空间,包含两种互补的检索动作:拓扑检索,捕捉局部结构依赖;语义检索,访问表示空间中的非局部相关证据。这些动作动态扩展推理上下文。为支持多步推理,进一步引入上下文精炼动作,将累积信息提炼并重组为紧凑表示。通过交错执行推理、检索与精炼动作,框架实现从上下文扩展到压缩的渐进式转变。在六个基准数据集上的大量实验表明,GraphReAct持续优于当前最优方法,验证了推理-行动范式在图学习中的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reasoning-acting frameworks enhance large language models (LLMs) by interleaving reasoning with actions for dynamic information acquisition. However, extending this paradigm to graph learning remains underexplored. Graph data is inherently structured, with information distributed across nodes and edges and encoded through both topology and latent representations. As a result, effective reasoning over graphs requires not only retrieving informative evidence from the graph, but also progressively refining the accumulated context during multi-step inference. In this work, we propose GraphReAct, a graph reasoning-acting framework that enables step-by-step inference over graph-structured data. Specifically, we design a graph-based action space with two complementary retrieval actions: topological retrieval, which captures local structural dependencies, and semantic retrieval, which accesses non-local but relevant evidence in the representation space. These actions dynamically expand the reasoning context. To further support multi-step reasoning, we introduce another type of action, context refinement, which distills and reorganizes accumulated information into a compact representation. By interleaving reasoning with both retrieval and refinement actions, our framework enables a progressive transition from context expansion to compression. Extensive experiments on six benchmark datasets demonstrate that GraphReAct consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods, validating the effectiveness of reasoning-acting for graph learning.

图神经网络大模型推理多步推理

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