arXiv:2605.07513cs.LG2026-05被引 1

解析生成模型中流匹配的几何结构,揭示其与最优传输的差异。

Tessellations of Semi-Discrete Flow Matching

论文配图:Tessellations of Semi-Discrete Flow Matching
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 在半离散流匹配中推导出精确速度场的闭式解。
  • 证明终点映射的预像区域为单连通开集,且同胚于单位球。
  • 发现其单元结构不同于最优传输的拉格朗日胞腔,可非凸且边界弯曲。

我们研究半离散设置下的流匹配问题,其中高斯源被传输至有限个点支撑的离散目标分布。该设定是生成建模中使用流匹配的理论基础,目标分布由有限数据集表示。在此半离散情形下,流匹配的速度场具有闭式表达,使得可在不依赖优化与近似效应的前提下分析终端流映射所诱导的几何结构。本文研究终端分配区域(即目标原子在终端流映射下的原像)。我们证明这些区域为开集且单连通;在附加假设下,它们同胚于单位球。同时,一个平面四点实例表明,这些区域与半离散最优传输中的拉格朗日胞腔存在显著差异:可能非凸、边界曲线化,并表现出不同的有界性与邻接模式。这些结果阐明了在神经网络近似介入前,精确半离散流匹配目标所内在诱导的几何特性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We study Flow Matching in a semi-discrete setting where a Gaussian source is transported toward a discrete target supported on finitely many points. This semi-discrete regime is the theoretical setting behind the use of Flow Matching for generative modeling, where the target distribution is represented by a finite dataset. In this semi-discrete regime, the exact Flow Matching velocity field is available in closed form, which makes it possible to analyze the geometry induced by the terminal flow map independently of optimization and approximation effects. We investigate the terminal assignment regions, namely the preimages of the target atoms under the terminal flow. We show that these regions are open, simply connected and, under an additional assumption, homeomorphic to the unit ball. At the same time, a planar four-point example shows that these cells can differ sharply from Laguerre cells arising in semi-discrete optimal transport: they may be non-convex, have curved boundaries, and exhibit different boundedness and adjacency patterns. These results clarify the geometry intrinsically induced by the exact semi-discrete Flow Matching objective before neural approximation enters the picture.

流匹配几何分析生成模型

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