让大模型智能复用不同粒度的技能,省钱又高效。
SkillLens: Adaptive Multi-Granularity Skill Reuse for Cost-Efficient LLM Agents
- 构建四层技能图谱,按需混合调用不同粒度的技能。
- 在两个基准上提升准确率6.31个百分点,成功率从45%升至51.31%。
- 适合需要低成本复用经验的智能体开发场景。
技能库已成为大模型智能体跨任务复用过程经验的实用方式。然而,现有系统通常将技能视为扁平、单一粒度的提示块,导致相关性与成本之间的矛盾:使用粗粒度技能会引入无关或误导性上下文,而重写整个技能代价高且常不必要。我们提出SkillLens,一个分层的技能演化框架,将技能组织为策略、策略、程序和基本操作四个层级的图结构,并支持混合粒度检索。给定任务时,SkillLens首先检索语义相关的技能种子,通过修正度数的随机游走扩展它们,并利用验证器决定每个访问单元是否接受、分解、重写或跳过。这使智能体能直接复用兼容的子技能,仅局部调整不匹配部分。为持续优化,SkillLens还迭代精炼多粒度技能与验证器以改善路由决策。理论分析表明,在稀疏不匹配假设下,混合粒度适应成本为次线性,且演化更新规则单调提升验证目标直至局部最优。在MuLocbench和ALFWorld上,SkillLens持续优于强基线,对缺陷定位任务最高提升6.31个百分点的Acc@1,成功率达45.00%提升至51.31%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Skill libraries have become a practical way for LLM agents to reuse procedural experience across tasks. However, existing systems typically treat skills as flat, single-resolution prompt blocks. This creates a tension between relevance and cost: injecting coarse skills can introduce irrelevant or misleading context, while rewriting entire skills is expensive and often unnecessary. We propose SkillLens, a hierarchical skill-evolution framework that organizes skills into a four-layer graph of policies, strategies, procedures, and primitives, and retrieves them at mixed granularity. Given a task, SkillLens first retrieves semantically relevant skill seeds, expands them through degree-corrected random walk over the skill graph, and then uses a verifier to decide whether each visited unit should be accepted, decomposed, rewritten, or skipped. This enables the agent to reuse compatible subskills directly while adapting only locally mismatched components. To improve the system over time, SkillLens further refines multi-granularity skills and verifier in order to improve its routing decisions. We provide theoretical analysis showing that mixed-granularity adaptation incurs sublinear cost under sparse mismatch assumptions and that the evolutionary update rule monotonically improves the validation objective until a local optimum. Across MuLocbench and ALFWorld, SkillLens consistently improves over strong skill-based baselines, achieving up to a 6.31 percentage-point Acc@1 gain for bug localization and raising agent success rate from 45.00% to 51.31%.
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