用跨阶段同意理论解析也门阿拉伯语命令句的句法结构
Revisiting the syntax of imperatives in Yemeni Arabic: An Agree across phases approach
- 采用跨阶段同意机制解释简单与复杂命令句的生成
- 揭示命题结构与信息结构在命令句中的深层关联
- 适合语言学研究者及语法理论学习者参考
本文重新考察也门阿拉伯语命令句的句法，提出跨阶段同意（Agree across phases, AAP）理论。该理论成功解释了包括A'-链结构在内的简单与复杂命令句，强调句法与语用界面由命令句的解释功能与施为功能驱动，将信息结构与命题结构相联系。研究指出，命令句的主语是第二人称空代词（pro），任何出现在动词前的显性代词或名词成分并非主语，而是位于句法主语位置（C-domain）的关于话题（aboutness topic）。这些话题作为逻辑主语，与pro形成核心指代关系，该关系通过匹配（Match）实现，生成局部与非局部的A'-链。对于无显性话题的核心命令句，提出一个空话题在Spec,TopP处（再）合并，其语义依赖于语境。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This article revisits the syntax of imperatives in Yemeni Arabic proposing an Agree acros phases (AAP) approach. I argue that the AAP approach successfully accounts for both simple and complex imperative constructions, including A'-chain structures, by establishing a close interactions between syntax and discourse. The study demonstrates that this interface is motivated by the interpretive and performative functions associated with imperatives, linking informational structure with propositional structure. It is also proposed that the thematic subject of imperatives is a 2-person pro, whereas any overt pronominal or nominal element occurring preverbally is not a subject, but rather a C-domain element, precisely aboutness topic. These topics serve as the logical subjects of imperatives and enter into a coreferentiality relationship with pro. This relation is analyzed as APP involving Match, yielding both local and non-local A'-chains. For core imperatives, viz., lacking an overt topic, I propose a null topic to (re)merge in Spec,TopP, whose interpretation depends on the discourse.
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