arXiv:2605.08832cs.LGphysics.flu-dyn2026-05

将流体模拟重构为上下文驱动的图像修复,实现可复用的物理先验。

Inpainting physics: self-supervised learning for context-driven fluid simulation

论文配图:Inpainting physics: self-supervised learning for context-driven fluid simulation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 把流体模拟看作填空任务,仅在推理时施加边界约束
  • 3D大网格下用局部邻域编码器压缩速度场,重建精度提升23%
  • 支持局部几何修改,适合需快速迭代的医学仿真场景

用于计算流体动力学(CFD)的神经代理模型通常作为前向算子训练,将几何和边界条件映射到解场。这使模型依赖训练时的条件变量,限制了在边界条件变化或局部几何改变下的重用性。本文提出将稳态CFD推断重新建模为图像修复问题:不再使用显式边界条件训练,而是学习速度场的自监督先验,并在推理时通过固定已知区域(如入口、出口或先前模拟中不变区域)施加边界约束。为将该方法扩展至大规模3D网格,引入局部邻域令牌化器,将高分辨率速度场表示为紧凑的空间潜在令牌,并在这些令牌上训练潜在流匹配与掩码自编码器模型。在颅内动脉瘤血流动力学任务中,该方法仅凭稀疏边界上下文即可重建完整速度场,在边界条件和数据集分布偏移下优于有监督神经代理模型,并可通过复用未变化的模拟上下文实现局部几何编辑。结果表明,将CFD推断视为上下文条件的图像修复,可使神经代理从任务特定预测器转变为可重用的流体先验。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Neural surrogate models for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are typically trained as forward operators that map explicit problem specifications, such as geometry and boundary conditions, to solution fields. This ties the model to the conditioning variables seen during training and limits reuse under boundary-condition shifts or local geometry changes. We propose to reformulate steady CFD inference as an inpainting problem: instead of training on explicit boundary conditions, we learn a self-supervised prior over velocity fields and impose boundary constraints only during inference by fixing known regions such as inlet, outlet or unchanged regions from previous simulations. To scale this idea to large 3D meshes, we introduce a local neighbourhood tokeniser that represents high-resolution velocity fields as compact spatial latent tokens and train latent flow-matching and masked-autoencoder models on these tokens. On intracranial aneurysm hemodynamics, our method reconstructs full velocity fields from sparse boundary context, outperforms supervised neural surrogates under boundary-condition and dataset shift and enables local geometry editing by reusing unchanged simulation context. These results suggest that viewing CFD inference as context-conditioned inpainting can turn neural surrogates from task-specific predictors into reusable flow priors.

流体模拟自监督学习物理建模生成模型

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