用新方法让生成模型更准地去模糊,提升画质同时保持速度。
Restoration-Aligned Generative Flow Models for Blind Motion Deblurring

- 重构流模型轨迹,让噪声终点变为模糊图像,对齐恢复目标
- 修复后图像保真度达33.69 dB,感知质量显著优于传统方法
- 适合追求高质量去模糊且需高效计算的视觉恢复研究者
生成流模型虽能从大规模自然图像中学习强大先验,但直接用于运动去模糊等恢复任务时会严重损失保真度,因其训练目标与恢复目标不一致。本文提出DeblurFlow框架,通过重构流轨迹解决该问题:将噪声终点替换为模糊观测值,使底层向量场与模糊图与清晰图之间的残差误差一致。在此设定下,标准流匹配损失自然转化为残差损失,使预训练流模型可通过LoRA适配在恢复对齐目标下优化。该方法还支持双专家采样策略:保真度专家提供高保真初始化(如PSNR 33.69 dB),DeblurFlow仅小幅降低保真度至33.05 dB即可提升感知质量;而直接在保真度专家上叠加生成模型会使PSNR降至27.60 dB。为实用化,进一步引入针对残差解码设计的r-space,相较标准VAE潜空间降低高达9倍的编码器-解码器开销。在GoPro、HIDE、RealBlur和RWBI数据集上的大量实验表明,DeblurFlow在保持强保真度和感知真实感的同时,具备良好的计算效率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Generative flow models offer powerful priors learned from large-scale natural images, but directly adapting them to restoration tasks such as motion deblurring causes severe fidelity degradation, as their training objective is inherently misaligned with restoration. We present DeblurFlow, a framework that resolves this misalignment by reformulating the flow trajectory itself: we replace the noise endpoint with the blur observation, which makes the underlying vector field coincide with the residual error between blur and clean images. Under this formulation, the standard flow matching loss naturally takes the form of a residual loss, allowing pretrained flow models to be optimized under restoration-aligned objectives via LoRA adaptation. This formulation further enables a dual-expert sampling strategy: a fidelity expert provides a high-fidelity initialization, e.g., PSNR 33.69 dB, and DeblurFlow enhances perceptual quality with only a marginal fidelity reduction to 33.05 dB, whereas directly applying a generative model on top of a fidelity expert decreases PSNR to 27.60 dB. To make this practical, we further introduce r-space, a latent space tailored for residual decoding rather than image reconstruction, which reduces encoder-decoder cost by up to 9$\times$over standard VAE latents. Extensive experiments on GoPro, HIDE, RealBlur, and RWBI demonstrate that DeblurFlow achieves strong restoration fidelity and perceptual realism, while remaining computationally practical.
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