Tanager-1卫星与多传感器融合，提升甲烷泄漏检测精度。
Multi-Sensor Methane Mapping in a Unified Framework: Tanager-1 Integration and comparison to EnMAP and PRISMA
- 采用列级匹配滤波法抑制推扫式成像伪影。
- 在布宜诺斯艾利斯垃圾填埋场实现高灵敏度甲烷排放监测。
- 适合环境遥感、碳排放监测领域研究人员参考。
星载成像光谱技术通过1.65/2.3微米吸收窗实现设施级甲烷羽流的探测与量化。然而性能受限于辐射灵敏度及推扫伪影（如柱依赖性变异和条带效应）。本文将Planet/Carbon Mapper的Tanager-1 Level-1辐射率数据集成至成熟的多传感器甲烷处理流程，该流程此前用于PRISMA和EnMAP。评估了Tanager-1辐射特性对匹配滤波反演、羽流分割及基于IME的通量估算的影响。反演基于杂波匹配滤波（CMF）方法，输出以ppmm为单位的甲烷增强量，并传播辐射噪声与背景变异性带来的不确定性。重点提出列级CMF（CWCMF），按探测器列估计背景统计，降低由推扫非均匀性引发的结构化误报。在均质高反射率校准场景下，对PRISMA、EnMAP和Tanager-1进行紧凑型辐射比较，获得参考信噪比谱和条带诊断。利用不同日期获取的配对Tanager-1与EnMAP数据，在布宜诺斯艾利斯地区垃圾填埋场超排放源上展示仅使用CWCMF的运行结果。由于缺乏近同时观测和地面实测数据，结果以背景限灵敏度和不确定性稳定化的IME/通量估计算法性能为解读依据。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Spaceborne imaging spectroscopy enables facility-scale methane (CH4) plume detection and quantification by exploiting absorption structure in the 1.65/2.3 um windows. However, performance ultimately depends on both radiometric sensitivity and the mitigation of pushbroom artifacts such as column-dependent variability and striping. This paper reports the integration of Planet/Carbon Mapper Tanager-1 Level-1 radiances into a mature multi-sensor methane processing chain previously applied to PRISMA and EnMAP and evaluates the implications of Tanager-1 radiometric regime for matched-filter retrieval, plume segmentation, and IME-based flux estimation. The retrieval is based on a Clutter Matched Filter (CMF) formulation that yields methane enhancements in concentration-path-length units (ppmm) and propagates uncertainty from radiance noise and background variability through enhancement maps, Integrated Mass Enhancement (IME), and emission rate via the IME method. Particular emphasis is placed on a column-wise CMF (CWCMF), in which background statistics are estimated per detector column to reduce structured false positives induced by pushbroom non-uniformities. A compact radiometric comparison between PRISMA, EnMAP and Tanager-1 is performed on homogeneous high-reflectance calibration scenes to derive reference SNR spectra and striping diagnostics for all these sensors . We then demonstrate CWCMF-only operational results on a landfill super-emitter in the Buenos Aires region, using paired Tanager-1 and EnMAP acquisitions over the same area of interest acquired on different dates. In the absence of near-simultaneous acquisitions and ground truth, results are interpreted in terms of background-limited sensitivity and uncertainty-stabilized IME/flux estimation rather than absolute accuracy.
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