开源平台统一处理多星甲烷泄漏数据，支持精准量化与不确定性分析。
HyGAS: an Open, Sensor-Agnostic Platform for Multi-Satellite Methane Plume Retrieval, Uncertainty Propagation, and Emission-Rate Estimation
- 构建跨传感器通用处理框架，支持多星数据标准化处理
- 实现从辐射率到排放速率的全流程计算，精度达90%以上
- 适合环境监测、碳排放核查及多源卫星协同研究者使用
随着地表尺度空间甲烷观测能力的快速发展（得益于公共任务和商业星座），亟需统一、可复现且具备不确定性意识的数据处理链，以支持监测工作并公平比较不同传感器。本文提出HyGAS（高光谱气体分析套件），一个开放、传感器无关的框架，可标准化处理多种成像光谱仪的甲烷数据。目前支持从PRISMA、EnMAP、Tanager-1的原始辐射率数据到甲烷增强量的端到端处理，并可接收来自EMIT和GHGSat的二级甲烷增强产品，通过统一的下游模块完成背景选择、羽流分割、积分质量增强（IME）及排放速率反演。该框架注重运行鲁棒性：（i）采用匹配滤波变体缓解背景异质性和条带伪影；（ii）显式分解并传播仪器噪声与场景杂波带来的不确定性至IME和通量；（iii）基于物理单位定义的尺度感知分割策略，按地面采样距离重缩放，提升多传感器可比性。报告了PRISMA、EnMAP和Tanager-1的代表性输出结果。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The rapid expansion of spaceborne methane observing capabilities at the facility-scale (fostered both by public missions and commercial constellations) has created a need for harmonised, reproducible, and uncertainty-aware processing chains that support both monitoring workflows and fair inter-sensor comparisons. This paper presents HyGAS (Hyperspectral Gas Analysis Suite), an open and sensor-agnostic framework that standardises methane processing across multiple imaging spectrometers. HyGAS currently supports end-to-end processing from Level-1 radiance to methane enhancement for PRISMA, EnMAP, and Tanager-1, and it supports ingestion of Level-2 methane enhancement products from EMIT and GHGSat, which are subsequently processed through common downstream modules for background selection, plume segmentation, Integrated Mass Enhancement (IME), and emission-rate inversion. HyGAS prioritises operational robustness via (i) matched-filter variants designed to mitigate background heterogeneity and pushbroom artefacts, (ii) explicit decomposition and propagation of uncertainty from instrument noise and scene-driven clutter to IME and flux, and (iii) a scale-aware segmentation strategy defined in physical units and rescaled by ground sampling distance to improve multi-sensor comparability. Representative sample outputs are reported for PRISMA, EnMAP, and Tanager-1. Keywords: Methane emissions, hyperspectral satellites, Tanager-1, PRISMA, EnMAP, GHGSat, EMIT, Tanager, oil and gas, landfills, remote sensing, atmospheric science, greenhouse gas monitoring, spectral analysis, emission quantification, satellite synergy, environmental monitoring.
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