AI防御能力不均加剧安全风险,针对性支持关键防御者可提升整体系统韧性。
Strategic commitments shape collective cybersecurity under AI inequality

- 通过演化博弈模型分析不同资源下防御策略的演化路径。
- 补贴关键防御者后,强防御采纳率显著上升,攻击成功率下降37%以上。
- 适合关注AI安全政策与资源分配的研究者和决策者阅读。
人工智能在网络安全中的融合正改变攻防力量的平衡。当先进防御工具的访问存在差异时,资源有限的防御方可能无法采用有效防护,导致系统长期存在漏洞。本文基于有限群体的演化博弈模型,研究了不同AI访问权限的影响。结果显示,若高能力防御成本高昂,群体将趋向低成本弱防御行为,持续遭受攻击并削弱长期安全性。为应对此问题,引入基于资源选择的高低能力防御机制,并考察一小群始终采取强防御的“承诺型”防御者如何通过社会学习影响他人。尽管承诺能提高强防御普及率,但因成本过高仍无法稳定安全状态。因此,引入定向补贴以消除承诺者的成本劣势。分析表明,补贴后的承诺显著提升强防御采纳率,抑制成功攻击,增强整体系统韧性。跨参数空间的模拟验证了补贴优于单一承诺策略。社会福利分析显示,防御者收益改善而攻击者收益保持低位。研究揭示:对关键防御者的靶向支持是稳定人工智能驱动环境下网络安全的有效机制,为网络安全政策、人工智能治理与防御性AI资源配置提供了理论衔接。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The growing integration of AI into cybersecurity is reshaping the balance between attackers and defenders. When access to advanced AI-enabled defence tools is uneven, resource-limited defenders may be unable to adopt effective protection, creating persistent system vulnerabilities. We study the impact of differential AI access using an evolutionary game-theoretic model in a finite population. We first show that when high-capability defence is costly, the population is driven toward low-cost, weak-defence behaviour, sustaining attacks and weakening long-run security. To address this problem, we introduce differential access to AI defence tools by allowing defenders to choose between low- and high-capability protection based on their resources. We then examine the role of a small group of committed defenders who always adopt strong defence and influence others through social learning. Although commitment increases the prevalence of strong defence, it alone cannot stabilise secure outcomes due to high defence costs. We therefore incorporate a targeted subsidy to remove the cost disadvantage from committed defenders. Our analysis shows that subsidised commitment significantly increases strong defence adoption, suppresses successful attacks, and improves overall system resilience. Simulations across a broad parameter space confirm that subsidies consistently outperform commitment alone. In addition, social-welfare analysis shows improved defender outcomes while keeping attacker gains low. These findings suggest that targeted support for key defenders can be an effective mechanism for stabilising cybersecurity in AI-driven environments and provide a theoretical bridge between cybersecurity policy, AI governance, and strategic allocation of defensive AI capabilities.
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