arXiv:2605.09999cs.ROcs.PF2026-05中稿 · Robotics: Science …

让扩散模型轨迹规划更快,不重训也不降质。

Muninn: Your Trajectory Diffusion Model But Faster

论文配图:Muninn: Your Trajectory Diffusion Model But Faster
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用缓存预测偏差控制采样,动态决定是否复用计算结果。
  • 实测速度提升最高达4.6倍,且保持任务性能与安全指标不变。
  • 无需重训练,适配多种扩散模型,适合实时机器人部署场景。

基于扩散模型的轨迹规划能生成丰富多样的机器人运动,但其迭代去噪过程使在线规划与控制变得极为缓慢。现有加速方法要么修改采样器,要么压缩网络——牺牲规划质量或需重新训练,且未考虑下游控制风险。本文提出Muninn,一种无需训练的缓存封装,可在不重新训练模型的前提下,使扩散轨迹规划达到实时可用速度,同时保持轨迹质量。核心思路是利用扩散模型内部轨迹表示变化的低成本探测信号,以及去噪器误差对采样状态更新的影响系数,通过离线校准得到每步的偏差上界,作为可消耗的不确定性预算。在采样过程中,Muninn根据该预算判断是否复用缓存的去噪输出:若预测偏差小则复用,否则重新计算。在多个标准基准测试中,Muninn实现最高4.6倍的壁时钟加速,显著减少去噪器调用次数,同时保证任务性能与安全指标。进一步验证了缓存轨迹与全计算版本的距离可控,且在真实机器人闭环导航与操作硬件部署中表现优异。项目页面:https://github.com/gokulp01/Muninn。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion-based trajectory planners can synthesize rich, multimodal robot motions, but their iterative denoising makes online planning and control prohibitively slow. Existing accelerations either modify the sampler or compress the network--sacrificing plan quality or requiring retraining without accounting for downstream control risk. We address the problem of making diffusion-based trajectory planners fast enough for real-time robot use without retraining the model or sacrificing trajectory quality, and in a way that works across diverse state-space diffusion architectures. Our key insight is that diffusion trajectory planners expose two signals we can exploit: a cheap probe of how their internal trajectory representation changes across steps, and analytic coefficients that describe how denoiser errors affect the sampler's state update. By calibrating the first signal against the second on offline runs, we obtain a per-step score that upper-bounds how far the final trajectory can deviate when we reuse a cached denoiser output, and we treat this bound as an uncertainty budget that we can spend over the denoising process. Building on this insight, we present Muninn, a training-free caching wrapper that tracks this uncertainty budget during sampling and, at each diffusion step, chooses between reusing a cached denoiser output when the predicted deviation is small and recomputing the denoiser when it is not. Across standard benchmarks Muninn delivers up to 4.6x wall-clock speedups across several trajectory diffusion models by reducing denoiser evaluations, while preserving task performance and safety metrics. Muninn further certifies that cached rollouts remain within a specified distance of their full-compute counterparts, and we validate these gains in real-time closed-loop navigation and manipulation hardware deployments. Project page: https://github.com/gokulp01/Muninn.

轨迹规划扩散模型实时控制缓存优化

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