arXiv:2605.10052cs.CLcs.AI2026-05被引 2

让多个AI agents像搭积木一样协作,还能自己优化升级。

Swarm Skills: A Portable, Self-Evolving Multi-Agent System Specification for Coordination Engineering

论文配图:Swarm Skills: A Portable, Self-Evolving Multi-Agent System Specification for Coordination Engineering
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 定义可移植的多智能体协作规范,包含角色、流程和自进化结构。
  • 自动从成功协作轨迹中提炼新技能,持续优化现有策略。
  • 无需人工干预,跨系统协作免适配,适合需要动态协同的场景。

随着人工智能工程范式从单智能体提示工程转向多智能体协调工程,如何系统化编码与提升多智能体协作能力已成为关键瓶颈。尽管单智能体技能已可作为可移植资产共享,但多智能体协调协议仍被锁定在框架内部代码或静态配置中,难以跨系统复用或自主演化。本文提出「Swarm Skills」,在Anthropic Skills标准基础上扩展多智能体语义,将多智能体工作流转化为可分发的一等资产,包含角色、流程、执行边界及内置自进化语义结构。为实现其演化特性,我们设计配套的自进化算法,能自动从成功执行轨迹中提炼新技能,并基于有效性、利用率和新颖性三维评分持续修补已有技能,无需人工介入即可完成优化。通过架构兼容性分析及基于开源参考实现JiuwenSwarm的定性案例研究,验证了Swarm Skills可通过渐进披露实现零适配跨智能体可移植性,使智能体团队在无框架锁定前提下自我演进协作策略。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As artificial intelligence engineering paradigms shift from single-agent Prompt and Context Engineering toward multi-agent \textbf{Coordination Engineering}, the ability to codify and systematically improve how multiple agents collaborate has emerged as a critical bottleneck. While single-agent skills can now be distributed as portable assets, multi-agent coordination protocols remain locked within framework-internal code or static configurations, preventing them from being shared across systems or autonomously improved over time. We propose \textbf{Swarm Skills}, a portable specification that extends the Anthropic Skills standard with multi-agent semantics. Swarm Skills turns multi-agent workflows into first-class, distributable assets that consist of roles, workflows, execution bounds, and a built-in semantic structure for self-evolution. To operationalize the specification's evolving nature, we present a companion self-evolution algorithm that automatically distills successful execution trajectories into new Swarm Skills and continuously patches existing ones based on multi-dimensional scoring (Effectiveness, Utilization, and Freshness), eliminating the need for human-in-the-loop oversight during the refinement process. Through an architectural compatibility analysis and a comprehensive qualitative case study using the open-source JiuwenSwarm reference implementation, we demonstrate how Swarm Skills achieves zero-adapter cross-agent portability via progressive disclosure, enabling agent teams to self-evolve their coordination strategies without framework lock-in.

多智能体自进化协作规范

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