arXiv:2605.10349cs.CVcs.AI2026-05

无需修改模型,用推理结果高效选图,降低标注成本。

Portable Active Learning for Object Detection

论文配图:Portable Active Learning for Object Detection
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 仅用检测器输出构建轻量分类器,计算实例不确定度。
  • 融合图像级多样性与类别差异性,选出信息量大且多样的样本。
  • 兼容多种检测器,适合真实场景中低成本部署。

标注边界框成本高昂,制约目标检测的可扩展性。现有主动学习方法常依赖模型特征或修改检测器内部结构与训练流程,增加集成难度,且很少同时利用图像级信号、类别不平衡线索和实例级不确定性进行综合选择。本文提出一种检测器无关、易迁移的便携式主动学习框架PAL,仅基于推理输出操作。PAL通过训练轻量级类特定逻辑回归分类器区分真阳性与假阳性,生成基于熵的不确定性评分;再结合全局图像熵、类别多样性和图像相似性对候选图像进行精炼,最终获得既具信息量又具多样性的数据批次。PAL无需改动模型内部结构或训练流程,具备广泛兼容性。在COCO、PASCAL VOC和BDD100K上的大量实验表明,相比现有主动学习基线,PAL在标签效率与检测精度上均有持续提升,为真实场景中目标检测的可扩展、低成本部署提供了实用方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Annotating bounding boxes is costly and limits the scalability of object detection. This challenge is compounded by the need to preserve high accuracy while minimizing manual effort in real-world applications. Prior active learning methods often depend on model features or modify detector internals and training schedules, increasing integration overhead. Moreover, they rarely jointly exploit the benefits of image-level signals, class-imbalance cues, and instance-level uncertainty for comprehensive selection. We present Portable Active Learning (PAL), a detector-agnostic, easily portable framework that operates solely on inference outputs. PAL combines class-wise instance uncertainty with image-level diversity to guide data selection. At each round, PAL trains lightweight class-specific logistic classifiers to distinguish true from false positives, producing entropy-based uncertainty scores for proposals. Candidate images are then refined using global image entropy, class diversity, and image similarity, yielding batches that are both informative and diverse. PAL requires no changes to model internals or training pipelines, ensuring broad compatibility across detectors. Extensive experiments on COCO, PASCAL VOC, and BDD100K demonstrate that PAL consistently improves label efficiency and detection accuracy compared to existing active learning baselines, making it a practical solution for scalable and cost-effective deployment of object detection in real-world settings.

主动学习目标检测标注效率可迁移

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。