arXiv:2605.10425cs.CYcs.AI2026-05

AI生成科学论文太容易,需重构验证机制以防止伪科学泛滥。

Toward an Engineering of Science: Rebalancing Generation and Verification in the Age of AI

论文配图:Toward an Engineering of Science: Rebalancing Generation and Verification in the Age of AI
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用结构化蓝图替代传统论文,拆解研究的论点、证据与假设
  • 蓝图使验证成本降低,支持更高效分布式审查
  • 适合关注科研可信度与AI辅助审稿的研究者

AI如今可低成本生成看似合理的科学成果,如论文、评述和综述,这带来‘认知污染’风险:不可靠但看似可信的内容积累速度超过系统的过滤能力。问题本质在于:科学体系的验证机制曾依赖高生成成本作为筛选门槛,而AI削弱了这一门槛,却未同步降低验证成本。我们主张将此视为工程问题——重新设计认知基础设施,平衡生成与验证成本。当前以论文为中心的体系使验证昂贵:论文将复杂科学逻辑压缩为文字,迫使评审者(无论人类或AI)重建论证结构才能评估。为此,我们提出‘蓝图’作为初步的认知基础设施:将论点、证据、假设和定义等要素以类型化的图结构形式呈现,实现生成成本前置,换取后续更廉价、局部化、分布式的验证。我们已构建概念验证原型。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI systems can now cheaply generate plausible scientific artifacts such as papers, reviews, and surveys. This creates a risk of \emph{epistemic pollution} in our scientific systems, where unreliable but plausible-looking artifacts can accumulate faster than the system can filter them out. The problem is structural: the epistemic infrastructure of science was calibrated to a world where producing a plausible artifact required substantial expertise, labor, and time, so generation cost itself served as a rough filter; AI weakens that filter without comparably lowering verification cost. We argue that \textbf{AI-era science should treat this as an engineering problem: redesigning epistemic infrastructure to rebalance the costs of generation and verification}. The current paper-centered system makes verification expensive: papers compress long-context scientific logic into prose, forcing reviewers, human or AI, to reconstruct underlying argument structure before they can evaluate it. As one step in this direction, we propose \textbf{blueprints} as preliminary epistemic infrastructure: structured, decomposed research artifacts that represent claims, evidence, assumptions, and definitions as typed graph components. Blueprints are designed to trade an upfront generation cost for cheaper, more local, more distributed verification downstream. We have instantiated the proposal in a proof-of-concept prototype.

科学验证AI生成结构化科研

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