让AI自动完成系统辨识的模型选择与调参,减少人工试错。
ASIA: an Autonomous System Identification Agent

- 用大语言模型当自主编码代理,自动迭代搜索模型架构与参数。
- 在两个基准上生成高质量动态模型,性能接近专家水平。
- 适合想快速验证系统建模方案的研究者或工程师使用。
近年来,系统辨识研究已发展出丰富的动态模型学习方法,并具备坚实的理论保障。然而在实践中,模型类别选择、训练算法及超参数调优仍主要依赖经验性的试错,需大量专家时间和领域知识。受智能体式AI进展启发,我们提出ASIA框架,将这一迭代搜索过程交由大型语言模型驱动的自主编码代理完成。基于现有智能体平台,ASIA实现从假设、代码实现到评估的闭环操作,仅需对辨识问题进行自然语言描述即可运行。我们在两个系统辨识基准上对ASIA进行了实证研究,分析了该代理的搜索行为、发现的模型架构与训练策略,以及最终模型的质量。同时讨论了该方法的潜力与当前局限,包括隐含测试泄漏、方法透明度降低及可复现性问题。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Over the years, research in system identification has provided a rich set of methods for learning dynamical models, together with well-established theoretical guarantees. In practice, however, the choice of model class, training algorithm, and hyperparameter tuning is still largely left to empirical trial-and-error, requiring substantial expert time and domain experience. Motivated by recent advances in agentic artificial intelligence, we present ASIA, a framework that delegates this iterative search to a large language model acting as an autonomous coding agent. Building on existing agentic platforms, ASIA closes the loop between hypothesis, implementation, and evaluation without human intervention, requiring only a plain-English description of the identification problem. We conduct an empirical study of ASIA on two system identification benchmarks and analyse the agent's search behaviour, the architectures and training strategies it discovers, and the quality of the resulting models. We also discuss the potential of the approach and its current limitations, including implicit test leakage, reduced methodological transparency, and reproducibility concerns.
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