arXiv:2605.10789cs.CV2026-05中稿 · publication at IEE…

用虚拟遥感数据快速估算森林可燃物,省时省钱

Rapid Forest Fuel Load Estimation via Virtual Remote Sensing and Metric-Scale Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction

论文配图:Rapid Forest Fuel Load Estimation via Virtual Remote Sensing and Metric-Scale Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过虚拟遥感生成低空影像与相机位姿,实现自动化3D重建
  • 引入度量恢复模块,使重建结果与真实姿态对齐,精度高
  • 适合林业管理、火灾风险评估等需要快速生物质估算的场景

准确量化森林覆盖与可燃生物量(燃料负荷)对野火风险评估和生态系统管理至关重要。传统依赖机载激光雷达或实地调查的方法成本高、耗时长,而卫星影像通常缺乏垂直分辨率以进行冠层体积分析。本文提出一种基于Google Earth Studio(GES)生成的虚拟遥感数据的自动化快速森林清查方法。首先生成目标区域的低空轨道影像与相机位姿;采用在VGGT-Long框架内开发的Pi-Long模型进行密集3D重建,该模型是Pi-3前馈Transformer架构的可扩展延伸。为解决单目重建固有的尺度模糊性,引入度量恢复模块,通过Sim(3) Umeyama优化将重建轨迹与GES真实位姿对齐。获得度量尺度点云后,沿垂直方向投影生成鸟瞰图(BEV)高度与密度图。最后结合分水岭分割算法与高度方差分析,实现针叶与阔叶树种分类,计算叶面积指数(LAI),并估算总燃料负荷。实验表明,该流程提供了一种可扩展、低成本的物理扫描替代方案,支持近实时森林生物量估计,具有高几何一致性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurate quantification of forest coverage and combustible biomass (fuel load) is critical for wildfire risk assessment and ecosystem management. However, traditional methods relying on airborne LiDAR or field surveys are cost-prohibitive and time-intensive, while satellite imagery often lacks the vertical resolution required for canopy volume analysis. This paper proposes a novel, automated pipeline for rapid forest inventory using virtual remote sensing data derived from Google Earth Studio (GES). Our approach first generates low-altitude orbital imagery and camera poses for a target region. For dense 3D reconstruction, we employ Pi-Long, developed within the VGGT-Long framework. This model serves as a scalable extension of the Pi-3 feed-forward Transformer architecture. To address the inherent scale ambiguity in monocular reconstruction, we introduce a metric recovery module that aligns the reconstructed trajectory with GES ground truth poses via Sim(3) Umeyama optimization. The metric-scale point cloud is then orthogonally projected into Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) height and density maps. Finally, we employ a watershed-based segmentation algorithm combined with height variance analysis to classify tree species (conifer vs. broadleaf), calculate Leaf Area Index (LAI), and estimate total fuel load. Experimental results demonstrate that this pipeline offers a scalable, cost-effective alternative to physical scanning, enabling near-real-time estimation of forest biomass with high geometric consistency.

森林监测3D重建燃料负荷虚拟遥感

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